Sorghum can be sown after any crop in a field rotation, but in fields that are free of weeds. Sorghum is easy to grow in a wide variety of soil and climate conditions. Most often, it is cultivated in arid conditions, which is its clear advantage over other crops. These studies were conducted from 2019-2021. at the station in LLP “Ural Agricultural Experimental Station”, deployed in time and space, grass-field crop rotation, where the predecessors for sorghum were a mixture of perennial grasses of the fifth year of life. Before sowing sorghum, a background agrochemical characterization of the soil was carried out at 20 and 40 cm. In the studies, appropriate agrotechnics for sorghum cultivation were applied. The use of crops of perennial grasses consisting of cereal-legume phytocenoses (wheat grass, sainfoin, alfalfa) in grass-field crop rotations is promising from the point of view of further application of chemical means of protection against weeds, but also increasing soil fertility due to the organic matter of crop rotation crops.

The paper presents the results of a study of pollution by heavy metals of 1 and 2 hazard classes of the soil cover of the territory adjacent to the industrial zone of the Aktobe ferroalloy plant. The article evaluates changes in the concentration of heavy metals of various hazard classes in terms of the ecotoxicological indicator in comparison of two periods. In the selected soil samples, the pH value was determined, the gross concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, nickel, chromium were determined. An excess of concentrations in the soil has been established: an excess of zinc is on average 1.19 times higher than the MAC, nickel is 5.4 times higher than the MAC, cadmium is 4.2 times higher than the MAC, and chromium is 62.13 times higher than the MAC.

The article shows examples of using the algorithm for calculating emissions into the atmosphere during production activities in the process of laboratory tests for designing maximum allowable emissions and assessing the impact of possible activities on the environment. The calculation algorithm is based on the use of the ERA PC software package in the laboratory process, designed to calculate pollutants in all components of the environment. This software package allows you to make calculations for many parameters automatically, which simplifies the work of environmental designers. The use of this software package can be used in the training of specialists in the field of environmental monitoring.