Insects visiting flowering Vicia faba, Eruca sativa and Petroselinum crispum in Nahia fields in Egypt were recorded by netting at different day hours 9–10, 11–12 a. m., 1–2, 3–4 and 5–6 p. m. All visitors of V. faba were from family Apidae. Most important species were: Anthophora sp. (81.32%), Tetralonia lanuginosa (7.69%) and Chalicidoma siculum (6.59 per cent). Most of insect species were active at 11–12 a. m. and 1–2 p. m. Syrphus corollae (45.9%) was the dominant visitor of Eruca sativa and Andrena sp. (85.3%) was the most numerous species at Petroselinum crispum. Zusammenfassung Bestäubende Insekten auβer der Honigbiene bei einigen Kulturpflanzen in Ägypten Es werden die bei Vicia faba, Eruca sativa und Petroselinum crispum im District Nahia aufgetretenen blütenbesuchenden Insekten (Netzfänge an 5 Tageszeiten: 9–10, 11–12, 13–14, 15–16 und 17–18 Uhr) zusammengestellt. Alle Besucher von V. faba gehörten der Familie Apidae an. Wichtigste Arten waren Anthophora sp. (81,3%), Tetralonia lanuginosa (7,7%) und Chalicidoma siculum (6,6%). Die meisten Besucher kamen zwischen 11 und 12 sowie 13 und 14 Uhr. Syrphus corollae (45,9%) war die Hauptart bei Eruca sativa, während Petroselinum crispum von Andrena sp. (85,3%) am meisten besucht wurde.
In four breeding sites in Alexandria, an exceptionally low count of house fly population at El‐Raml was found to coincide with the abundance of three predators i. e. two species of dung beetles and a predaceous mite. The predators were identified as Sphaeridium bipustulatus F., Sphaeridium caffrum (Cost), and Macrocheles glaber, and field counts demonstrated the inverse proportionality of the population densities of predators and house flies. The life cycle of the two dung beetle species and the Machrochelid mite were established and their habits studied. Laboratory experiments showed that the predaceous mite is a good predator for the eggs and first instar larvae of the house fly, whilst the dung beetles were good predators of larvae. The seasonal aboundance of the dung beetles was studied, its population increased during the months from July to October reaching its peak in August. Zusammenfassung Über die Unterdrückung der Entwicklungsstadien der Hausfliege Musca domestica L. durch drei räuberische Arthropoden‐Arten an einigen Brutstellen der Stadt Alexandria An vier Brutstellen in Alexandria war eine auffallend niedrige Dichte der Hausfliege mit einer übernormal hohen Dichte von drei räuberischen Arthropoden‐Arten, 2 Dungkäfern und 1 Raubmilbe, gekoppelt. Bei den räuberischen Antagonisten handelte es sich um die Käfer Sphaeridium bipustulatus F. und S. caffrum sowie um die Milbe Macrocheles glaber. Es wurden die Bionomie und Umweltansprüche der Dungkäfer und der Milbe untersucht. Laborexperimente zeigten, daß die Milbe besondere Bedeutung als Vernichter der Eier und Erstlarven der Hausfliege besitzt, während die Dungkäfer wirksame Räuber der älteren Fliegenmaden sind. Die saisonale Vermehrung der Dungkäfer wurde näher untersucht. Ihre Populationsdichte war während der Monate Juli bis Oktober sehr hoch mit einem Maximum im August.
The Egyptian cotton is one of the most important crops in Egypt. This resulted in an attention towards the predators belonging to orders Diptera and Neuroptera which play an important role in biological control of insects attacking cotton. The experiment was conducted in Quesna (Menofia Province) at reclaimed lands. In this experiment a study on fluctuations of populations of predators belonging to family Syrphidae and Chrysopidae occuring daily during the flowering period of cotton (from June until August), was conducted, in order to know the time of occurrence of these predators in large numbers on cotton flowers in order to avoid the harmful lethal effect of the used insecticides sprayed for control of cotton insects on these predators. From family Syrphidae, Sphaerophoria flavicauda Zett. and Eristalis sp. were recorded while of Chrysopidae, Chrysopa vulgaris Schm. was registered. The activity and abundance of these three species was studied in relation to weather factors as temperature and relative humidity. The periodicity and abundance was investigated in relation to times and periods of the day from 9 am to 5 pm. Also the abundance and frequency of the population of these insects was correlated to the period of flowering. The maximum activity of Eristalis sp. was early in the day while that for Sphaerophoria flavicauda occurred between 9 to 11 am and for Chrysopa from 9 am to 1 pm. Spraying against harmful cotton insects should be conducted before 9 am or after 5 pm. Zusammenfassung Populationsbewegungen einiger räuberischer Insekten auf Baumwollblüten in Ägypten Bei Quesna (Prov. Menofia) wurden 2 Arten Syrphiden und 1 Neuropteren‐Art hinsichtlich ihrer Populationsbewegung während einer Blüteperiode der Baumwolle (Juni bis August) untersucht. Ziel war es, die Zeit des maximalen Auftretens der Predatoren kennenzulernen, um sie bei den chemischen Bekämpfungsaktionen berücksichtigen zu können. Die Erscheinungszeiten der Schwebfliegen Sphaerophoria flavicauda Zett. und Eristalis sp. sowie des Netzflüglers Chrysopa vulgaris Schm. wurden in Beziehung zur Jahreszeit, Tageszeit und Blühperiode der Baumwolle registriert. Ihre maximale Aktivität entfalteten: Eristalis früh morgens, Sphaerophoria gegen Mittag und Chrysopa von früh bis nachmittags. Demgemäß sollten chemische Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen gegen Baumwollschädlinge zur Schonung der Predatoren vor 9 Uhr früh, bzw. nach 5 Uhr nachmittags durchgeführt werden.
Present work was carried out at Zagazig district, Sharkia Governorate during 2008and2009seasons to evaluate the effect of some bioinsecticides, Jojoba oil, Dimilin and Dursban on Spodoptera littoralis and some accompanied Predators under field condition. The results indicated that the initial effect of the tested compounds, (expressed as the rate of reduction in the percent infestation) recorded (18.7, 23.61, 23.6, and 17.9% in the first season. ( 2008), (16.88, 19.53, 19.9 and 17% in the second one ( 2009) for Biorinza, Biovar, Protecto and Jojoba oil, respectively. It is obvious that Biovar was the most potent compound in both seasons. Also, results indicate that the initial effect of tested IGR (Dimilin) induced reduction in the rate of S. littoralis infestation, as it recorded (77.295%) reduction, in 2008
The Egyptian clover, Trifolium alexandrinum, is visited by several species of insects belonging to different orders. These insects are divided into two groups: the first is the phytophagous insects while the second is the beneficial insects including the pollinating, the parasitic and predatious insects. Certain dominant predators belonging to the two families, Syrphidae (Diptera) and Chrysopidae (Neuroptera) in clover fields were collected during May and June in Giza and Menofiya provinces. The results are discussed. In both districts the greatest number of insects captured were Sphyrophoria flavicauda, followed by Chrysopa vulgaris then at least Syrphus corollae and Xanthogramma aegyptium. Zusammenfassung Über die Populationsbewegungen einiger räuberischer Dipteren und Neuropteren auf Kleefeldern in Ägypten Die den ägyptischen Klee Trifolium alexandrinum besuchenden Insekten können in 2 ökologische Gruppen geteilt werden: die schädlichen (phytophagen) und die nützlichen (Pollenüberträger, Parasiten und Predatoren). Es wurden die dominanten räuberischen Syrphiden (Diptera) und Chrysopiden (Neuroptera) im Mai und Juni in den Provinzen Giza und Menofiya zu verschiedenen Tageszeiten mit dem Netz gefangen. Die Sammelergebnisse werden erörtert. In beiden Distrikten waren Sphyrophoria flavicauda am häufigsten, gefolgt von Chrysopa vulgaris und am seltensten Syrphus corollae und Xanthogramma aegyptium.
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