Das Bis‐N‐tosylphthalsäurediamid (I) reagiert mit Grignardverbindungen (II) zu Tosylhalbaminalen (III), Tosylaminocarbonsäureamiden (IV), Hydroxyindolinonen (V) oder Hydroxy‐ 55 methylbenzamiden (VI).

Aus den Dithiophthalimiden (I) entstehen mit den Grignard‐Verbindungen (II) die o‐Thioacylthiobenzimidsäuren (III), aus denen mit HgClz Komplexe erhalten werden, denen die Struktur (IV) zugeordnet wird.

Background and Objective: β -carotene is one of the important bioactive compounds for human health. Materials and Methods: β-carotene is one of the important bioactive compounds for human health. In this study, β-carotene was extracted from dried carrot waste using Soxhlet extraction methods and was quantified by HPLC. β-carotene nano-dispersed (β-CND) was prepared using different ratios of whey protein isolate (WPI) (1.50, 3.00, and 4.50%). The particle size, surface charge, stability, and encapsulation efficiency of β-CND were evaluated. Processed cheese was fortified with β-CND. Results: The lowest particle sizes of β-CND occurred at a ratio of 1.50 %, which also achieved a zeta potential of -34.6 ± 2.25 mV. The highest polydispersity index (PDI) values were observed with 4.5% β-CND. The encapsulation efficiency of all samples was more than 81.45%. β-CND was more stable after exposure to pasteurization or sterilization treatments than β-carotene (unencapsulated). The fortified processed cheese with β-CND (10%) gives high sensory acceptability and structural properties, followed by β-CND (15%).Conclusion: this research recommended using β-CND in the fortification of processed cheese with the indicated successful ratios and researching its application in other dairy products due to its high nutritional and functional value.

Das N‐Tosylphthalimid (III) kondensiert mit der p‐Nitrophenylessigsäure (II) zum Phthalimidin (I), die aktivierten Methylenverbindungen (IV) und (III) liefern die o‐Acetyl‐N‐tosylbenzamide (V).

The syntheses of the various title compounds start from the salicylic acid sulfonylchloride (I) yielding primarily sulfonamides such as (III) (16 compounds are described) or (IV).