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The synthesis of substituted isoxazoles and pyrazoles through a general cycloisomerization methodology has been reported. The capability of gold(III) chloride to promote cycloisomerization of both α, βacetylenic oximes and α, β-acetylenic hydrazones is the centrepiece of the strategy. A range of acetylenic precursors were investigated to afford 28 examples of the products with good to excellent chemical yields. Selected compounds were screened for their cytotoxic potential towards COLO320 cancer cell lines. The IC 50 values of the tested compounds were in the micromolar range, with the best compound, 5-(6-Methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)-3-phenyl-isoxazole (3h) displaying an IC 50 of 38.9 μM. For this compound, the crystal structure in complex with Aurora-A kinase was obtained which revealed details of its binding mode within the active site with a free energy of binding-9.54 kcal/mol.

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