The composition and occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) were investigated in 60 samples of cow's raw milk samples from Razavi Khorasan Province of Iran. Only percentages of milk samples protein, lactose and total solids in samples collected during summer were slightly lower than the Iranian reference values. Compared with summer samples, higher percentages of milk samples components were observed in the winter. The overall mean AFM1 level was 61 ± 8 ng/L, with 24 samples (40%) showing concentrations above the maximum permitted level established in Iran (50 ng/L). Control measures are urgently needed to avoid aflatoxin in milk samples produced in Razavi Khorasan Province.

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The effectiveness of size‐fractionated raw bentonite to reduce the excretion rate of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk from dairy cows receiving aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was investigated. The reduction effect of the size‐fractionated clay (particle size: < 5 micrometers) on the carry‐over of the AFB1 ingested by dairy cows into AFM1 in milk (0.43%) was equivalent to the value obtained by a commercially available adsorbent (0.40%). The transferring rate of AFM1 to cows' milk can be reduced effectively by using more economic, raw mineral clays with appropriate particle sizes as prepared in this study.

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Influence of flaxseed with rumen undegradable protein level on milk yield, milk fatty acids and blood metabolites in transition ewes Running Title (within 10 words) Feeding of flaxseed and rumen undegradable protein level in ewes