Local current mapping of single vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube in a polymer matrix J. Appl. Phys. 112, 084327 (2012); 10.1063/1.4759349 High emission currents and low threshold fields in multi-wall carbon nanotube-polymer composites in the vertical configuration J. Appl. Phys. 111, 044307 (2012); 10.1063/1.3685754Temperature evaluation of field emitting points for polymer-carbon nanotube composite using time-of-flight mass spectrometry J.In this work the authors study field-emission properties of a class of emitters formed by coating the multi-walled nanotube ͑MWNT͒ polymer composite film onto the flat metal substrate. They have obtained emission currents up to 100 mA. In order to understand the physical and chemical processes in the working composite emitter, the authors have elaborated the experimental technique combining the mass spectrometry registration apparatus with the field-emission unit.

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a systemic hereditary disease caused by a mutation of the CFTR gene and characterized by damage to the glands of external secretion and severe dysfunctions of the respiratory system. The “severe” genotypes are associated with more pronounced and early clinical manifestations. The “mild” genotypes are associated with a delayed onset of clinical manifestations.Methods. An analysis of the medical history of patients with asymptomatic CF from the Russian CF centers was carried out. Rectal biopsy specimens were used for intestinal current measurement (ICM) and forskolin-induced swelling assay in intestinal organoids. DNA for sequencing was isolated from the venous blood leukocytes.Results. 2 CF patients with genotypes F508del/c.1584+18672A>G (patient 1, 12 years old) and F508del/G509D-E217G (patient 2, 3 years old) were examined. The diagnosis was based on neonatal screening. The ICM assay showed a reduced function of the CFTR channel: ΔISC for forskolin was 12.33 ± 2.35 μA/cm2 in patient 1 and 25 ± 3.37 μA/cm2 in patient 2. The negative response to carbachol and histamine reflects the entry of potassium ions into the cells, which is typical for CF. The assay in intestinal organoids showed that the amount of functional protein on the apical membrane of the intestinal epithelium increases both under the action of the potentiator and the corrector in both patients. The greatest effect is observed when the VX-770 and VX-809 are used together.Conclusion. The ICM functional assay and the forskolin-induced swelling assay in intestinal organoids are sensitive enough to determine the residual functional activity of the CFTR channel and clarify the diagnosis in difficult cases. The studied genetic variants c.1584+18672A>G and G509D-E217G belong to class IV – VI mutations. The clinical picture corresponds to the manifestations of “mild” mutations. The studied patients still attend the Russian cystic fibrosis centers.