In this paper, a hypothetical method for locating SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) on the example of the ribonuclease gene WIN was proposed. Ribonuclease comprises an enzyme that participates in defence reactions against fungal infections in soybeans, as well as other protective responses to biotic stress. Its belonging to the RNA-ases group determines the specific properties, namely the ability to degrade foreign nucleic acids. This ability provides for a general nonspecific immune response of the plant to the invasion of antigenic structures. Modern biotechnology calls for the development of molecular methods and approaches that will increase the resistance of a culture or accelerate the processes of its adaptation in the field. This problem can be solved by using technologies of SNP artificial induction in those parts of the genome that encode proteins capable of acting in protective reactions against biotic stress. In the study, 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were proposed using bioinformatic analysis. Since the localisation and detection of SNPs comprise a challenging task due to the presence of a single nucleotide change, in the biotechnological practice, predictive analysis is carried out in order to localise the potential sequence of occurring single-nucleotide polymorphism. Following the identification of the hypothetical SNP location, they can be further detected using complex molecular methods, such as real-time PCR or local sequencing. This technology can become a powerful tool for breeding soybean varieties having predetermined properties. Such theoretical and predictive models will allow for a quicker response to the dynamic environment under manmade load on plants.

This paper discusses the possibility of regulating gene expression by microsatellites of the non-coding part of DNA. The analysis of known SSRs from the "soybase" database for possible manifestation as enhancers has been carried out, since the determination of mechanisms for increasing the expression of certain genes is an important agricultural task. The SSRs analysis was carried out in the open web resource "iEnchancer 2L". As a result, it was revealed that some microsatellites are theoretically capable of being enhancers, an additional study showed that the sequences identified as enhancers have specific binding sites for transcription factors, which can be considered an indirect confirmation of the results obtained. The conducted studies can help to further work on the search for regulatory DNA sites, as well as advance in understanding the significance of the non-coding part of DNA.

The article demonstrates the prospects for using a new experimental approach for the detection of the fungus Cercospora Sojina Hara. The main principle underlying the presented method is a combination of two technologies: RPA (Recombinase polymerase amplification) and CRISPR/Cas12a. RPA - is an alternative to classical PCR, with features in the form of a faster reaction rate and its passage under isothermal conditions. Using RPA technology will reduce amplification to 15-30 minutes. Amplified genomic DNA can be detected fluorescently labeled with CRISPR/Cas12a. The difficulties of this method lie in the selection of specific primers and the selection of spacers for the guide RNA within the amplicon. As a result of the work carried out, using the primer3 plugin on the Unipro Ugene platform, it was possible to select a specific pair of primers that would make it possible to identify this particular phytopathogen. The genome spacer was identified in the ChopChop web toolkit. The resulting primer pair and spacer having complementarity exclusively to the CP036215 locus in Cercospora Sojina H.

This article presents the study of significant factors influence on the pelletizing process of soybean chaff. The aim of the research was to determine the operating modes of the screw providing chaff soybean pellets output with a crumbling of not more than 12% at the optimum pelletizing temperature of 70 — 80°C. To study the significant factors influence - such as the flight screw step, the screw rotation speed, chaff moisture - on the process of soybean chaff pelletizing, as well as the optimal values variation of these factors, search experiments were conducted on the screw type laboratory pelleting press XP-3. Regression equations were calculated as a result of the studies, which are adequately describing the influence of significant factors on the output of proper quality pellets; this will allow to develop the technology for chaff compacting in the process of stationary processing of the grain and soybean heap, which allows to reduce the costs of transportation and storage of soybean chaff.