When bilateral RLN dissection is planned, RLN monitoring is particularly useful to limit the risk of bilateral RLN paralysis. Two-stage thyroidectomy, following functional recovery of the damaged RLN, can therefore be proposed. The risk of bilateral RLN paralysis was avoided in four patients, while transient bilateral RLN paralysis was observed in two patients despite positive stimulation.

The prevalence of asymptomatic fungus balls is 1.6/1000. Prospective studies are necessary to justify conservative management in these patients.

No abstract