Due to an extreme increase in population growth, Egypt suffers from a widening gap in the quantity of imported wheat compared with production and local consumption. Two field trials were conducted during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons with three levels of humic substances (HSs) as a foliar spray (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g L−1; HS1, HS2 and HS3) and three levels (5.04, 7.56 and 10.08 kg ha−1; HS4, HS5 and HS6) as a soil application. These were applied three times (30, 45 and 60 days after sowing) in comparison with the control (HS0) to evaluate the performance of three wheat varieties (Seds1 (V1), Misr2 (V2) and Giza168 (V3)) grown in clay loam soil. The experiment was set up according to the split-plot structure in a randomized complete block design; however, the varieties were set as the main plot and treatments were a sub-main plot. Generally, the data indicated that the soil application treatments recorded maximum values for most growth and yield attributes, except for spike length and grain weight per spike, SPAD reading and total grain yield in the first season, and leaf area and biological yield in the second season. HS1, HS2, HS5, and HS6 were the superior treatments for most of the nutrient contents studied. Regarding the influence of variety, the results showed that V3 recorded maximum values for LA, SpL, TGW, TGY and leaf Zn and Cu contents in both seasons; PH, GWS and leaf N content in the first season; and SPAD reading, BY and leaf K, Fe and Mn contents in the second season. V1 was the superior variety for GWS, BY, leaf K and Mn contents in the 2018/2019 season and PH, GNS in the second season, followed by V2, which had the greatest values for leaf P contents in both seasons, and SPAD reading, GNS and leaf Fe content in the 2018/2019 season and GWS and leaf N content in the second season.

Four promising varieties of sugarcane, along with the commercial variety, GT54/9 were evaluated for yield, yield components, and quality traits. The environments were different ages of harvest time (11, 12, and 13 months old) of two plant cane crops (2-years) at El-Mattana Agriculture Research Station farm during (2018-2019 and 2019-2020 seasons). The stability analysis of studied traits was performed. The results indicated that the promising varieties, environments, and their interaction had a highly significant effect on all studied traits in both the seasons except the age at the harvest time on purity in both seasons, the effect of the interaction on sucrose as well as a pol in second season only and on fiber in the first season only. It is obvious from the results that none of the tested varieties was superior to GT 54/9 for cane and sugar yield and stable implying the necessity of widening the genetic base to produce improved promising varieties. The stability analysis showed that GT 54/9 variety was stable for stalk height, stalk diameter, brix, reducing sugar, and fiber and recorded the highest cane yield and sugar yield. G2003/49 was stable for cane yield, sugar yield, brix, pol, and fiber. It ranked third in cane yield and the second sugar yield. The variety G2003/47 was stable for stalk diameter, sucrose, sugar recovery, and fiber and ranked fourth for cane yield and the third rank for sugar yield. G2004/26 was stable for stalk diameter, cane yield, reducing sugar, and fiber. It occupied the second and third ranks for cane yield and sugar yield respectively. G84/47 variety was stable for cane yield, sugar yield, brix, sucrose and fiber and ranked last for cane and sugar yield.

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The present study was carried out to study performance and milling quality of the plant (PC), first (FR), second (SR) and third ratoon (TR) crops of two varieties of sugar cane i.e., Giza 99/103 and Giza 99/160 during period from January to March of 2016/2017 working season. Both varieties were planted under comparable conditions at Kom Ombo Sugar Cane Research Station Farm, Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Results revealed that both varieties gave the highest normal juice extraction average of 79.2% by the onset of January, bagasse (%) cane showed an opposite trend to normal juice extraction whereas G 99/103 and G 99/160 recorded 36.8 and 37.3%, respectively. The highest pol extraction reported for G 99/160 was 93.2 and lower pol (%) bagasse (2.64) compared to 3.15 for Giza 99/103. Sucrose reduction factor of the standard variety G 99/103 showed insignificant variations among the different crops with an average of 0.98 for all the crops and 0.97 with G 99/160 variety. G 99/160 variety had an average varietal correction factor of 0.986. The recorded general average for all crops and test dates for pol (%) cane, estimated recoverable sugars, pol (%) normal juice and normal juice purity for the variety Giza 99/103 were 16.