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Les affections microbiennes constituent des pathologies dominantes en RDC où pour y faire face la population recourt aux plantes. Cette étude a été conduite en vue d’évaluer l’activité antimicrobienne et identifier des groupes phytochimiques à potentiel antimicrobien de six rhizomes comestibles, utilisées en médecine traditionnelle à Lubumbashi. Le criblage phytochimique réalisé par des réactions classiques en solution a permis d’identifier dans tous les rhizomes, des flavonoïdes, des saponines, des tannins et dans 66,7% d’entre eux, des quinones et des terpénoïdes. La méthode de dilution a permis d’évaluer l’activité antibactérienne des extraits aqueux (EAQ) et méthanoliques (EME) qui ont tous été actif avec une intensité allant de très forte (CMI = 1,7 μg/mL) à moyenne (CMI = 50 μg/mL). Eriosema verdikii (EME : CMI = 1,7 μg/mL sur N. meningitidis et S. aureus) a présenté la meilleure activité antibactérienne et Imperata cylindrica (EAQ : CMI = 1,7 μg/mL sur Trichophyton rubrum), la meilleure activité antifongique. Le potentiel antimicrobien de ces rhizomes mis en évidence in vitro dans cette étude, fait des espèces étudiées des candidates à des investigations approfondies pouvant aboutir à la mise au point des médicaments traditionnels améliorés ou à la découverte de nouvelles molécules antibactériennes.Mots clés : antifongique, antibactérien, criblage chimique, rhizomes comestibles, Lubumbashi. English Title: Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Six Edible Rhizomes Used in Traditional Medicine in Lubumbashi (DRC)Microbial infections are dominant pathologies in the DRC where, to deal with them, several people resort to plants used in traditional medicine. This assesses the antimicrobial activity of six edible rhizomes used in traditional medicine in the city of Lubumbashi (DRC) and identifies phytochemical groups. Phytochemical screening by solution reactions allowed the identification of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in all rhizomes, and in 66.7% of the rhizomes were found quinones and terpenoids. The dilution method allowed the evaluation of antibacterial activity, aqueous (EAQ) and methanolic (EME) extracts. This varies from very high (MIC = 1.7 μg / mL) to medium (MIC = 50 μg / mL). Eriosema verdikii (EME: MIC = 1.7 μg / mL on N. meningitidis and S. aureus) has the greatest antibacterial in the collection and Imperata cylindrica (EAQ: MIC = 1.7 μg / mL On Trichophyton rubrum), the greatest antifungal activity. The results obtained by this study show that the six rhizomes studied, along with their food virtues, possess antibacterial and antifungal properties that can explain their use in traditional medicine against various conditions; In addition, the various phytochemical groups within them would play an important role in the proven virtues.Keywords: antifungal, antibacterial, chemical screening, edible rhizomes, Lubumbashi

A previous study inventoried 53 plants used in traditional medicine in Bagira in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the management of malaria. During malaria disease, oxidative stress is responsible for the worsening of the patient's condition. This study aims to identify phytochemical groups and to evaluate antioxidant activity of 53 plants used in traditional medicine in Bagira to treat malaria. The phytochemical screening was carried out by conventional reactions in solution and antioxidant activity used in vitro method with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). Chemical screening has identified secondary metabolites with both antimalarial and antioxidant potential such as coumarins, steroids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids in more than 70% of plants. Antioxidant screening revealed for the first-time antioxidant activity of 18 plants, among which Dalbergia katangensis, Dialium angolense and Solanecio cydoniifolius with IC50 ≤ 1.6 µg / mL having the highest activities. This study shows that among plants used as antimalarial in Bagira several possess antioxidant power and contain many of groups presumed to be both antioxidant and antimalarial. This suggests that further studies continue to isolate compounds responsible for the proven activity.

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