Left paraduodenal hernia is an entrapment of the small bowel into the Landzert fossa, an unusual congenital peritoneal defect behind the descending mesocolon that results from failure of part of the descending mesocolon to fuse with the posterior parietal peritoneum (Doishita et al. in Radiographics, 36(1): 88-106, 2016). This fossa is reported to be present in approximately 2% of autopsy bodies. The authors present a case of a left paraduodenal hernia in a young woman.

Acquired bronchoesophageal fistula can have their origin in a benign or malign cause. Benign bronchoesophageal fistula is rare and often associated with nonspecific symptoms that may delay the correct diagnosis. The authors present a case of a bronchoesophageal fistula in a 57-year-old woman caused by tuberculosis infection.

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