This article presents the results of comprehensive inventories made of water-related conflict and cooperatioti occurring in five districts in Africa, Asia and Latin America between 1997 and 2007. Following a description of the conceptual and methodological framework developed for undertaking these inventories, the article documents the extent, nature and intensity of water-related conflict and cooperation in the five districts. The article concludes by identifying three challenges relating to the magnitude, complexity and invisibility of local-level confiict and cooperation about water, which efforts to improve local water govemance would have to address.

An Anoxic Limestone Drain (ALD) and Open Limestone Channel (OLC) are primary components of the Project for the Restoration of Rio Juckucha, in Potosí, Bolivia; the goal of which is to improve water quality for irrigation use in the high Andes. The OLC is treating low-pH (2.9) acid mine drainage from a man-made alpine lake receiving discharges from portals, tailings, and waste-rock from active and abandoned mining operations. The ALD is treating milder acid mine drainage (pH 5.4) from an abandoned mine portal. Both systems treat waters that run to Laguna Santa Catalina, which forms the headwaters of Rio Juckucha, a key irrigation water resource. The alkalinity generation and metals removal performance of the recently-constructed ALD and partially-constructed OLC was investigated to determine early-stage treatment characteristics. The results indicated that the OLC at 20% completion was having relatively little impact. The recently-constructed ALD is showing water quality improvements (higher pH and alkalinity). However, there is a concern with increased Zn and Mn concentrations in the ALD effluent. Studies will continue upon construction completion to determine long term performance.

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