To assess the current state of the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov, we made an analysis of socioeconomic and environmental consequences of hazardous coastal processes, a comprehensive environmental and economic assessment, which includes the study of the main natural, economic, social and environmental factors of the coastal zone. In the process of assessment, the following were determined: natural resources, economic and demographic potentials, living standards and quality of life of the population, and environmental conditions. In order to compare heterogeneous socioeconomic and environmental indicators, a five-point system was used, in which the numerical values of the indicators were ranked using certain criteria. The assessment in the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov identified five groups of cities and areas with different levels of development, ecological and economic balance. Emergency areas with a high rate of bank destruction (more than 2-4 m/year) are located in the Neklinovsky, Shcherbinovsky, Yeiskiy, Primorsko-Akhtarsky districts and account for 33% of the coast. Ecological and economic assessment of the coastal zone of the Azov Sea is the basis for further analysis of socioeconomic and environmental consequences of dangerous coastal processes and development of recommendations for their prevention.
Аннотация. Окружающая среда в городских поселениях прибрежной зоны Азовского моря Ростовской области испытывает всё возрастающий объём антропогенного воздействия. Однако его уровень существенно изменяется в зависимости от концентрации населения, хозяйственного комплекса и транспортной инфраструктуры. Статья посвящена детальному анализу динамики антропогенного воздействия на состояние окружающей природной среды городских округов прибрежной зоны Азовского моря в период с 2008 по 2017 годы. Авторами выполнена оценка уровня антропогенного воздействия, которая включает анализ демографической, промышленной и транспортной нагрузок. На основании проведённой оценки были выявлены тенденции роста отрицательного воздействия во всех округах исследуемой прибрежной зоны. Однако объёмы этого воздействия сильно различаются.Ключевые слова. прибрежная зона Азовского моря, городские округа, антропогенное воздействие, демографическая, промышленная, транспортная нагрузка.
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