We evaluated the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporotic fractures in kidney transplantation (KT) patients and determined risk factors associated with osteoporotic fractures. The study was conducted on 191 patients (94 men and 97 women) with first KT for 3 years or more presenting stable and preserved renal function (serum creatinine levels lower than 2.5 mg/dl). KT patients were on immunosuppressive therapy and the cumulative doses of these drugs were also evaluated. BMD was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at multiple sites (spine, femur and total body). Quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus (broadband ultrasound attenuation, speed of sound, and stiffness index, SI) was also performed. Twenty-four percent (46) of all patients had either vertebral (29/46) or appendicular (17/46) fractures. We found osteoporosis and osteopenia in 8.5-13.4 and 30.9-35.1% of KT patients, respectively. Women had more fractures than men. In women, prevalent fractures were associated with diabetes mellitus [OR = 11.5, 95% CI (2.4-55.7)], time since menopause [OR = 3.7, 95% CI (1.2-11.9)], femoral neck BMD [OR = 1.99, 95% CI (1.4-2.8)], cumulative dose of steroids [OR = 1.1, 95% CI (1.02-1.12)] and low SI [OR = 1.1, 95% CI (1.0-1.2)]. In men, fractures were associated with lower lumbar spine BMD [OR = 1.75, 95% CI (1.1-2.7)], lower SI [OR = 1.1, 95% CI (1.03-1.13)], duration of dialysis [OR = 1.3, 95% CI (1.13-2.7)], and lower body mass index [OR = 1.24, 95% CI (1.1-1.4). Our results demonstrate high prevalence of low BMD and osteoporotic fractures in patients receiving a successful kidney transplant and indicate the need for specific intervention to prevent osteoporosis in this population.
RESUMO -OBJETIVOS. O objetivo deste estudo foiO aumento da expectativa de vida da população é uma razão óbvia para explicar o aumento da proporção de pacientes idosos admitidos em uma instituição terciária 1-3 . Ao mesmo tempo, observase uma maior incidência de insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) na população com idade mais elevada 4,5 , e três fatores afetando a hemodinâmica renal têm sido imputados para esta maior incidência: o próprio processo de envelhecimento renal, a maior freqüência de estados patológicos nesta faixa etária, o uso excessivo de medicamentos por estes pacientes e o, cada vez mais freqüente uso de procedimentos intervencionista e cirúrgicos neste grupo específico de doentes 4-6 . Além disso, o relatado aumento da faixa etária dos portadores de IRA poderia ser também um dos responsáveis pela mudança do perfil destes pacientes demonstrada em trabalhos mais recentes 7,8 .Poucos são os estudos analisando as caracterís-ticas evolutivas da IRA em pacientes idosos, especialmente os casos de IRA em um hospital emi-
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