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Serum concentrations of apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, B, C-I, C-II, C-III and E were determined by electroimmunoassay in 56 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in the predialytic phase. The results were compared with those obtained in asymptomatic normolipidemic subjects, patients with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia, and patients with type II diabetes mellitus. CRF patients had reduced concentrations of ApoA-I and ApoA-II, normal levels of ApoB and ApoC-I, and increased concentrations of ApoC-II and, in particular, of ApoC-III. There was a significant reduction in the levels of ApoE, especially in male patients. In comparison with type IV, hyperlipoproteinemic patients, CRF patients had lower concentrations of ApoA-I, ApoA-II, ApoB, ApoC-I and, particularly, ApoE; there was no difference in ApoC-III levels reflecting the hypertriglyceridemia common to both disorders. Similar but less marked differences were also found in comparison with type II diabetics. The findings suggest that in CRF, the accumulation of ApoC-III-enriched lipoprotein particles accompanied by a moderate hypertriglyceridemia may be caused more probably by an impaired catabolism than overproduction of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. CRF patients with vascular disease tended to have higher serum concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol and ApoB and lower ApoA-I/ApoC-III and ApoA-I/ApoB ratios than patients without vascular disease.

A method has been developed for the fractionation of very low density (VLD) human serum lipoproteins (Sf >20) by angle-head preparative ultracentrifugation. A buffer solution of density 1.006 g/ml is layered over serum and both centrifugal force and time ("g min") are increased in each successive run.A procedure was standardized for the separation of VLD-lipoproteins into five subfractions. Each subfraction, freed of contaminating serum proteins, has been characterized by determination of flotation coefficient, anhydrous density, concentration dependence of Sf