We propose a method of statistical description of simple crystals and calculation of their thermodynamic functions and equation of state. The method is based on the derivation of an exact expression for the binary distribution function of atomic displacements and a variational procedure for the determination of an effective constant of the quasielastic bond of atoms of the crystal. For rare gas crystals with Morse and Lennard-Jones potentials, we obtained the equation of state and thermodynamic parameters of the solid-state, which are in agreement with experimental data. We also found that a solid-state instability occurs near the observed melting temperature of the crystal, corresponding to a point above which there is no more an equilibrium effective parameter of the quasielastic bond.

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