Pot experiments were carried out during two successive seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at the experimental farm of Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt to study the effect of different types of fertilizers, traditional NPK (t-NPK) at 2.0 g/pot, nano NPK (n-NPK) at 0.5 and 1.0 g/l, active dry yeast extract (ADYE) at 5.0 and 10.0 g/l, moringa leaves extract (MLE) at 5.0 and 10.0%, and some combinations (ADYE at 5.0 g/l + MLE at 5.0%, MLE at 10% + n-NPK at 1.0 g/l and ADYE at 10.0 g/l + n-NPK at 1.0 g/l) as well as untreated plants (control) on flowering and some chemical constituents of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. Rose Suprem. The results showed that MLE at 10% produced the highest values for number of florets/spike and spike stem length (cm) followed by MLE at 10% + n-NPK at 1 g/l which gave the highest values in case of spike stem diameter (cm), flower diameter (cm), fresh and dry weights of cut spike (g). On the other hand, chemical constituents of chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids of fresh leaves (mg/g), N, P, K and total carbohydrates (%) were influenced by different fertilization treatments, the mastery in this concern was to application of MLE at 10% + n-NPK at 1 g/l. It could be recommended that application of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. Rose Suprem by MLE at 10% + n-NPK at 1 g/l to get the best results regarding flowering and chemical constituents.

Industrial development has been going on for several hundred years. In the XX century, three great industrial revolutions occurred in human life. Today we can discuss the fourth industrial revolution, called Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 takes overproduction with robots that can communicate, detect the environment with sensors and realize the needs by analyzing data. This industry aims to produce better quality, cheaper, faster, and less wasteful. In addition, Industry 4.0 allows objects to communicate with each other and with people by monitoring cyber-physical systems and physical processes in modular smart factories, enabling decentralized collaborative decisions. Applying Industry 4.0 to protect and sustain their existence is inevitable in a competitive environment for businesses and organizations. It is necessary to know the industry 4.0 concept and its fundamental paradigms. Therefore, in this paper, we explained Industry 4.0 and studied his applications areas in 2021. Our study shows that Industry 4.0 is not present, and the technologies are much less current in industrial production in North Macedonia. The key term of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is poorly understood; the presence of Industry 4.0 in the media is deficient.