This work presents the results of a comparative evaluation of two possible scenarios for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management in Paraíba do Sul city - RJ - Brazil, using economic cost and sustainability indicators. The novelty of this work is in validating by means of cost and sustainability indicators the MSW management proposal that use of the organic fraction of waste in a local composting process. The first scenario, Simulated Scenario 1, which is currently being assessed by municipal management is: sending all MSW collected in the city to the new private landfill. The second scenario, Simulated Scenario 2, is a novel model proposed in this work, which involves the shipment of organic waste to a composting yard. The scenarios are examined on a case study composed of ten neighborhoods from the municipal core. The results obtained reveal a difference of less than R$ 10,000.00 per month between the total estimated costs for each scenario, with the second simulation being the most expensive. For the second scenario, there is the possibility of generating income through the sale of the compost, which could cover the excess cost. Insights from the score of the sustainability indicators show that the second scenario is the best from the environmental point of view. The technological simplicity and the low economic cost of the indicated method for composting are highlighted, as well as the existence of selective collection and the use of organic waste as the main advantages of Simulated Scenario 2.