Potassium foliar feeding is great significance for plants because its includes low cost, quick response to plant, small quantity of potassium and it provides compensation for lack of soil fixation determine [3]. This experiment aimed to study the effect of potassium fertilizer and lithovit nano particles as foliar spray alone and combined with potassium, to see its effect on pepper plants growth as well as its water relation and some chemical components and yield production and its components. Materials and Methods Area of study and samplingUnder green-house conditions, two pot experiments were conducted on a clay loamy soil at Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia

A plant bio-stimulant is any substance or microorganism applied to plants with the aim to enhance nutrition efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, disease resistance and/or crop quality traits, regardless of its nutrients content. Certain aqueous plant extracts of five plants i.e., Neem (Azadirachta indica), Moringa (Moringa oleifera), Garlic (Allium sativum), Basil (Ocimum basilicum) and Eucalyptus (Cinnamomum camphora) extracts and fungicide (Dithane M-45) as well as tap water as control were evaluated as foliar spray under field conduction at Experimental Farm of Horticulture Department Faculty of Agriculture Menoufia University Shibin El-Kom, during fall seasons of 2018 and 2019 against Downy mildew disease caused by (Bremia lactucae), growth, yield, quality, water relation , photosynthetic pigments and some chemical analysis of lettuce plants cv. Balady (Local lettuce cultivar). The obtained results indicated that, application of plant extracts, and fungicide significantly decreased the disease severity, disease incidence and increased the growth characters and yield of lettuce plants.

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Downy mildew of cucurbits is very important disease worldwide. This investigation was carried out in order to achieve safe control method(s) to such disease. The obtained results courld be summarized as following: 1. Pseudoperonospora cubensis is the causal organism of downy mildew disease of either cucumber or squash and it was first recorded in Egypt on watermelon at 1935. 2. Spraying cucumber plants with the tested plant extracts reduced both percentage of infection (P.I.) and the disease severity (D.S.) in Comparison with the untreated control treatment, significantly. Yield production was also increased significantly. 3. Thuja plant water extract showed the best efficiency in reducing the disease incidence, followed by clove one while black cumine plant extract showed the least efficiency. 4. The application of the plant essential oils greatly reduced downy mildew disease of cucumber and squash cultivar, and increased yield production in comparison with the untreated control plants. Clove essential oil followed by mint one gave the best results. 5. Application of the tested growth regulators to cucumber (Madaen cv.) and Squash (Aziad cv.) plants significantly reduced the disease incidence and improved yield production, in comparison with control, both at 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing seasons. In this request, Cytokinin and Gibberellin showed the best efficiency, while Auxin was the least effective one. 6. Foliage fertilization with NPK fertilizers greatly affected cucumber and squash cultivar downy mildew diseases incidence and increased yield production compared to control, significantly. However, it was noticed that increasing nitrogen doses led to the increment of both (P.I.) and (D.S.). 7. The best yield production was obtained when the highest level of potassium was applied. 8. Application of Cabriodio 11.2% fungicide suppressed the disease incidence, completely. In the meantime, high increment of yield production was obtained, compared to the other treatments. 9. Growth characteristics of squash plants i.e., plant height, leaf area, root length, shoot length, plant fresh weight and plant dry weight were significantly increased in response to the application of any tested control methods compared to the untreated control plants. 10. Total water content (TWC), relative water content (RWC) and transpiration rate of squash plants were remarkably increased in response to the application of either Gibberellin, black cumin oil, clove oil (10%), mint oil (5%), Thuja extract and/or the fungicide in comparison with the untreated control. 11. Application of the disease control methods to squash plants increased chlorophyll, total sugars content and proline concentration compared to the untreated control plants. 12. Chemical analysis of N. sativa essential oil indicate that this oil mainly contained vanillic acid (89.94 mg/ml) and gallic acid (29.59 mg/ml). 13. Peppermint oil contained gallic acid (18.6 mg/ml) and caffeic acid (4.8 mg/ml). 14. Clove essential oil has high amount of eugenol (72.72 mg/ml), eugenol...

Potted experiments were conducted in the greenhouse of the College of Agriculture in Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia University, during the 2018 and 2019 seasons, to study the cultivation of (sensitive) tomato plants in a loading system with watercress plants (resistant) in a land contaminated with heavy metals. Treating the soil contaminated with heavy metals by growing voracious plants to absorb these minerals, which are watercress. Study the rate of absorption and transfer of lead and cadmium from soil to watercress plants in mg / kg soil. Study the effect of heavy elements on growth, water relations and chemical content, as well as yield and components of tomato plants. The use of growth promoters such as silicon and seaweed extract and how they affect tomato or watercress plants. Three levels of lead were used, which are 0 (control), 1000 and 2000 mg / kg of soil, and contamination using three levels of cadmium metal, which are 0 (control), 100 and 300 mg / kg of soil, each alone.The characteristics of vegetative growth and some of the physiological and chemical characteristics such as photosynthetic pigments, water relations, total sugars, proline concentration, activity of some enzymes, total protein, plant content of some mineral elements, and some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the crop were studied.