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This study evaluated nutritional values, bioactive constituents and antioxidant activities of the five wild underutilized fruits in the mountains of southwest Saudi Arabia ( Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt, Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. Ex A.Dc., Cissus rotundifolius (L.), Ephedra foeminea Forssk., and Grewia villosa Willd.). The moisture content, crude fibers, total protein, total lipids, total hydrolyzable carbohydrate, total soluble sugars, and total free amino acids were analyzed. The results showed varying amounts among fruits of the five study species. In addition, the mineral composition, amino acid content, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and antioxidant activity were assessed. The highest content of total phenolic and total tannins was measured in D. mespiliformis (20.69 mg/g and 3.84 mg/g) and the lowest in E. foeminea (10.83 mg/g and 1.44 mg/g), respectively. The methanol extract (1 mg/ml) of D. mespiliformis displayed higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity (87.36%). The methanol extract (1 mg/ml) of C. grandis exhibited the highest effect of total antioxidant activity and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (71.53%). The sufficient nutritional and antioxidant value of these wild fruits provide healthy food source for the local residents, much the same as many cultivated fruits and vegetables.

The present work was to study a protective role of salicylic acid (SA) on oxidative stress caused by Basagran ® herbicide application. Two peanut cultivars ( Arachis hypogaea cv. Giza 5 and Giza 6) with different sensitivities to the herbicide were monitored for their antioxidant responses to Basagran ® and/or SA treatments. Two weeks after treatment, Basagran ® lowered leaf pigments (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and total Carotenoids) but increased hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents indicating occurrence of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Salicylic acid applied prior to low dose Basagran ® lowered H 2 O 2 and MDA contents in both G5 and G6. Except for SOD which is highly stimulated, POD, CAT and APX activities showed slight changes compared to control in leaves treated with Basagran ® ± SA. The extracts tested by DPPH showed increase in total antioxidant activity by 4%–7% in SA + Basagran ® treated leaves compared to control. The increased total antioxidant activity was related to the accumulation of amounts of phenolics as a protective action stimulated by SA. Alterations of antioxidant enzymatic system, accumulation of phenolics, increasing the total antioxidant activity by SA provide an evidence of protective action of SA in Basagran ® detoxification.

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