Anthrax is a recurrent zoonosis in the Ukraine with outbreaks occurring repeatedly in certain areas. For determining whether several Bacillus anthracis genotypes are circulating in this region, four strains from various sources isolated from different regions of the Ukraine were investigated. By combining long- and short-read next-generation sequencing techniques, highly accurate genomes were reconstructed, enabling detailed in silico genotyping. Thus, the strains could be assigned to the Tsiankovskii subgroup of the “TransEurAsia” clade, which is commonly found in this region. Their high genetic similarity suggests that the four strains are members of the endemic population whose progenitor was once introduced in the Ukraine and bordering regions. This study provides information on B. anthracis strains from a region where there is little knowledge of the local population, thereby adding to the picture of global B. anthracis genotype distribution. We also emphasize the importance of surveillance and prevention methods regarding anthrax outbreaks, as other studies predicted a higher number of cases in the future due to global warming.

Everyone knows that test cultures are used to control and quality the growth properties of nutrient media, to check the activity of antiseptics and disinfectants, as well as to assess the adequacy of the sensitivity of the tested microorganisms to new antibacterial drugs, which are currently produced by rapid temp. with the development of antibiotic resistance of microorganisms to most of the active substances used in new drugs. Moreover, it is the understanding that most antibiotics are clinically useless in treating infectious diseases because of their long-term use for chemotherapy purposes – a major problem not only in Ukraine but worldwide. In this article the results of researches sensitivity museum strains, namely: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (F-50), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 2853 (F), Proteus vulgaris HX 19 number 222, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterobacter aerogenes 10006, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 to the antibacterial drug “Saroflox”. We find that Saroflox inhibited the growth of all test cultures at different dilution rates. Using different concentrations of the antibiotic (2.5 mg, 1.25 mg, 0.625 mg, 0.3125 mg, 0.1562/200 μl), it was found that all test cultures under study were highly sensitive to Saroflox. most from 38.0 ± 1.0 to 20.0 ± 1.0 mm. The results of studies show that the new antibacterial drug “Saroflox” has bactericidal properties to most cultures that cause bacterial diseases of various species of animals and birds, which only confirms its effectiveness against gram-negative microorganisms (Enterobacter spp. , Staphylococcus aureus E. coli and others) including beta-lactam antibiotic resistant, tetracyclines, macrolides and aminoglycosides.

In the period from 1996 to 2018 we have examined 1607 samples of materials, which have been taken from clinically healthy pigs and those that exhibited symptoms of encephalomyelitis, gastroenteritis, pneumonia and pneumoenterytis; pigs that have recovered from the mentioned sicknesses; tools that have been used in working with animals; as well as synanthropic animals and birds in Ukraine. 410 isolates of porcine teschovirus (25,5% of the total samples taken) were identified. 3 viral strains T 3, Ch 863 and Ch 878 new serotypes of Teschovirus A were identified as a result of studying the properties of the virions, genome organization, antigenic and biological properties of the strains. Strains of virusesT 3, Ch 863 and Ch 878 had been isolated from rectal and nasal washout samples, which have been taken from 3-4 months old pigs 2-4 passages. Viruses strains T 3, Ch 863, Ch 878 with morphological, physicochemical and biological properties inherent Tesсhovirus A. The titer of virus strain T 3 was 7,0 lg TCD 50 /cm 3 , Ch 863-5,0 lg TCD 50 /cm 3 , Ch 878-7,5 lg TCD 50 /cm 3. Type cytopathic effect was typical for TV-A. Study of pathogenic properties of viral strains T 3, Ch 863, Ch 878. Found that these strains of viruses are not pathogenic for 2-month-old piglets found

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Enterovirus infections remain one of the urgent problems in modern infectious pathology and are represented in numerous publications of domestic and foreign researchers, including publications in the field of veterinary virology. The causative agents of enterovirus infections of viral etiology (enteroviruses) are characterized by relative resistance to adverse environmental conditions, including thermal stability, acid resistance, resistance to proteolytic enzymes, which allows them to survive in the environment and facilitates their transmission by various ecological routes (water, food, aerosols, contaminated objects, etc.). The purpose of this study was to elucidate the changes in the infectious properties of porcine enteroviruses in vitro under conditions of long-term storage at a temperature of minus 32 °C. In the course of this study, a re- cultivation process was carried out with the subsequent adaptation of two variants of viruses: the porcine teschovirus of the first serotype (Teschovirus A), the “Dniprovsky 34” strain and Porcine sapelovirus 1 (porcine enterovirus of serogroup 8), the reference V-13 strain. The re-cultivation was performed on BHK-21 cell cultures / clone 13 and on SPEV, in which they were previously cultivated, in order to determine the infectious activity after storage under negative temperatures (minus 32 °C) for two and twenty years. On the example of porcine enterovirus of serogroup 8 (the causative agent of viral gastroenteritis), it was proved that during long-term storage (20 years) at a temperature of – 32 °C, the virus did not lose its infectious properties, although a change in the cytopathogenic effect in vitro during re-cultivation was found. The infectious properties of the porcine teshovirus of the first serotype are also capable of long-term storage (2 years) under conditions of minus 32 °C temperature.