The monograph discusses the uses of game animals in the historical pre-Soviet, Soviet, and post-Soviet periods. Is addresses some issues of ecological and population genetics, valuates hunting resources, and provides mathematical models for predicting hunting trends for major game animals. The monograph is intended for students and academics of agricultural and biological universities and may be of interest to those engaged in forestry, agri-culture, and hunting.

Relevance. This article deals with the study of history of the unique craniological collection of the Museum of Animal Husbandry named after Academician E.F. Liskun and a review of the current state of craniological research in animal husbandry.Methods. The classical method of measuring the craniological material of Academician E.F. Liskun, his contribution to the formation and development of domestic craniological science is considered. The possibility of applying the craniological research methodology, as well as ways of its use in other sciences are under discussion. Of particular interest are the studies of skulls of extinct cattle breeds preserved in the museum›s collection. The experimental part of the work is based on the collection of the Liskun Museum of Animal Husbandry. The skulls of cattle breeds from the museumʼs craniological collection are examined: «Algau» breed, «Velikorussky Great Russian» breed, «Krasnaya Tambovskaya Red Tambov», «Revelskaya» breed, local «Saratov» varieties. Checks of measurements of skulls were carried out by using the tools as a caliper, a measuring tape and a ruler.Results. The studies of historical museum exhibits (skulls) allow us to obtain new data on the evolution of domestic genetic structure («allelo-fund») of cattle breeds, which makes it possible to compare it with modern populations. The obtained data will be used in the development of breed conservation programs, as well as in breeding, as local cattle breeds are the source of genetic variability that has a rapid response to the needs of agricultural production. The obtained data allow more sophisticated studies of evolutionary processes.

Agricultural craniology is a branch of morphology fi rst studied in detail by academician E. F. Liskun. The purpose of the work was to characterize the indices of the craniums of cattle of Angler breed, which are in the collection of the State Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E. F. Liskun. The work was devoted to the calculation of indices based on measurements of the craniums of cattle of Angler breed, which are necessary for a detailed and more complete study of the craniological features of animals, as well as for conclusions about morphological changes within the breed that have occurred for a long time. As a result of the work carried out, a craniological characteristic of cattle of Angler breed was given. Based on measurements of craniums, the calculated indices characterize in detail the craniums of cattle of Angler breed and allow them to be characterized as follows: narrow, mediumlength forehead; the average distance between horns (for horned); the muzzle is relatively short, of medium length; the eye sockets are raised; the nasal bones are short and slightly wide; the mandibular bones are short and wide; the dentition is long, and the toothless space is of medium length; the profi le is low, the poll is high, of medium width. With the help of the indices of long-forehead, long-muzzle, length of nasal bones, the ratio of the length of the nasal bones to long-forehead, broad-forehead, distance between horns, broad-muzzle, broad-nose, height of the poll, the smallest width of the poll, length of the mandibular bones, it is possible to analyze the current state of this breed of cattle in comparison with its similar representatives of the late XIX – early XX century.

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Моделирование динамики популяций охотничьих животных в Ленинградской области: формирование и верификация модели, прогноз развития популяции РЕЗЮМЕ В статье рассматриваются процессы формирования и верификации модифицированной матричной модели динамики популяций охотничьих животных в Ленинградской области, а также расчета прогнозных показателей динамики популяций и добычи лося и кабана в Ленинградской области до 2026 года. При верификации модели по лосю получены незначительные отклонения (от 1,8 до 6,7% по абсолютной величине) результатов решения модифицированной матричной модели от фактических ретроспективных данных, а по модели популяции кабана отклонения составили от 0,7 до 7,3%, что свидетельствуют об адекватности и точности отражения динамики популяции лося и кабана в Ленинградской области при модельных экспериментах.