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Cinnamoyloxy ethyl methacrylate (CEMA) was copolymerized with different monomer feed ratios of octadecyl acrylate (ODA) and crosslinked using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator and N,N',N"-trisacryloyl melanine (AM) or N,N',N",-trismethacryloylmelanine (MM) crosslinkers. The networks are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). For crosslinked CEMA/ODA copolymer sol fraction values are lower when MM is used rather than AM. The thermal stability of crosslinked network increases with increasing ODA concentration and also in the presence of MM crosslinker, a consequence of higher crosslinking density. SEM results show a porous structure; micropores are formed when ODA contents increases. According to DMA results, the flexibility of the network is enhanced by incorporation of MM rather than AM. Since our crosslinked networks are both flexible and porous, they are applicable as oil sorber networks to alleviate pollution from oil spills.

Some alkylnaphthalene and alkylphenanthrene sulfonates were synthesized by means of a Wurtz-Fittig reaction. The HLB values for the prepared compounds were calculated, and the basic properties were studied in water at different temperatures, namely, 25, 35 and 45°C. Through surface tension measurements, the following values were determined: the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the surface tension at the CMC (c CMC ). The following values were calculated: area per molecule at the CMC (A CMC ), standard free energy change of micellization (DG mic ), standard free energy of adsorption (DG ad ), and the efficiency of a surfactant in reducing surface tension (pC20). Furthermore, the partition coefficients of the synthesized compounds were also measured. The results show that n-alkylnaphthalene and n-alkylphenanthrene surfactants studied exhibit desirable properties that may be of value in some fields such as detergency. To confirm the detergency power of the prepared surfactants, some foam studies were performed.

Abstract:In previous work crosslinked copolymers were prepared from cinnamoyloxy ethyl methacrylate (CEMA) and several monomers feed ratios of octadecyl acrylate (ODA). Networks so produced are both flexible and porous; we now report their swelling efficacies as a function of temperature in toluene and in crude petroleum. Network characteristics is presented including the polymer + solvent interaction parameter χ, effective crosslink density υ e , equilibrium modulus of elasticity E, average molecular weight between crosslinks M c and the theoretical crosslink density υ t . These parameters are correlated with structures of the synthesized sorbers.