The present study aimed to investigate the effect of new compound L-arginine derivative (AVO) alone or in combination with cadmium chloride on the reproductive efficiency in male rats. For these experiment 40 adult male rats and 16 adult female rats, the male were divided in to 4 groups (10 rats each for each group); Group (1): was daily received normal saline by i.p injection and served as a control. Group (2) was daily received AVO only at 72 mg/kg B.W. by ip injection. Group (3) was daily administered CdCl 2 at a dose of 225 mg/kg B.W. by i.p injection. Group (3) was daily administered of CdCl 2 at a dose of 225 mg/kg B.W. by i.p injection and after one hour of CdCl 2 administration the treated rats given the new compound AVO at a dose of 72 mg/kg B.W. by i.p injection. After 28 days 8 of each group of male were sacrificed for biochemical study of reproductive hormones (FSH, LH, and Testosterone), while other 2 male of each groups were mating with 4 females. This experiment is lasted for 21 days, the mating duration was 10 days. One male were mate with two females, the females are separated in individual cages till the parturition once the female's rats are given birth, and the number of letters are calculated. The fertility percent are documented. The obtained results indicated that cadmium chloride possesses a deleterious effect on reproductive system, induce oxidative damage, histological changes of testes, and cause clear changes on the sexual hormone. The administration of AVO with cadmium chloride is relived the hazard effects of cadmium chloride, it improved, sexual hormones includes FSH, LH and testosterone, with ameliorating the histological changes in the testes, in-addition to positive effect of AVO on the fertility.