Introduction. The production of primary aluminum is one of the leading and belonging to the category of an increased health hazard for workers in the economy, which requires close attention to working conditions while modernizing production technology. Material and methods. The research methodology included a comprehensive study of working conditions and assessment of priority occupational risk factors, an in-depth study of the morphology, dispersed and component composition of dust and gas components air-suspended at different technologies of electrolysis of aluminum. Results. The leading production factors of occupational risk, degrees are fluorine-containing compounds, dust and gas-aerosol mixtures in the form of separate and assembled into agglomerates micro- and nanostructured particles of complex chemical composition (fluorine, carbon, aluminum, sodium, oxygen, silicon, iron, sulfur, chromium, nickel, etc.), unfavorable microclimate, electromagnetic field, noise, vibration, physical loads, which are related to the 3rd (harmful) class of 1 to 3 degree. Discussion. Modernization of aluminum production with the introduction of technology of pre-baked anodes allows significantly improve working conditions, reduce the admission of harmful chemical substances into the air of the working area, with the exception of hydrofluoride, the concentration of which exceeds extremely permissible levels in 1.5-3.1 times. Noteworthy is the fact of the detection of aerosols of disintegration and condensation, including particles of nanoscale range, impurities of heavy metals in the air. The consequences of the effect of such complex combination mixtures, their combined effects with other factors on the body, can have pronounced negative effects, which is important with adequate exposure analysis and personalized assessment of the health risks of workers engaged in the production of aluminum. Conclusion. Working conditions at workplaces with the technology of self-baking anodes are characterized by moderate or severe professional risk, with the technology of pre-baked anodes - mild or moderate risk, which makes the urgent problem of further improvement of aluminum production technologies, detailed analysis of personal exposures of harmful substances for a correct assessment of the health risk of workers, is relevant.

The paper presents information about the content of benzo(a)pyrene in soil samples of petroleum products and the content of heavy metals (iron, copper, lead, arsenic, manganese, chromium, cadmium and mercury) in the soil and hair samples of children. Soil samples and hair were taken in October 2014 in the north-western part of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District. The values obtained were compared with the approximately permissible levels and maximum allowable concentrations adopted in the Russian Federation. Levels are determined compounds in the soil in general do not exceed the allowable concentrations. In hair samples there was noted marked exceeding of the recommended values for zinc, copper, chromium and iron 10%, 16.7%, 83.3% and 100% samples, respectively. The cause of the high iron content in the hair samples may be due to the quality of consumed water, which is characterized by low mineralization and high iron content. Increased chromium content of more than 80% of the hair samples can be caused, as in the case of iron, the quality of water consumed, but also a high proportion of local foods in the diet of people, rich by chromium. A conducted study on the state of the environment in the village, away from areas of hydrocarbon production, indicates to the low importance of anthropogenic impact.

Aim of investigation. To study the content of heavy metals: zinc, iron, copper, lead, arsenic, manganese, chromium, cadmium and mercury in hair samples of children permanently residing on the territory of the Arctic zone of Russia. Methods. In the process of research, a method of atomic absorption spectrometry with flame and electrothermal atomization, the cold vapor method was used. In the transverse study, 48 children aged 7 to 17 years were involved. Hair sampling was performed from the occipital part of the head. Hair represents an ideal object of research and is one of the informative tissue structures of a person. The obtained results were compared with the reference values established for residents of the Volga and Ural federal districts of the Russian Federation. Results. Exceed-ances of the recommended values for copper, iron, manganese and zinc in 100.0 %, 66.7 %, 25.0 % and 22.2 % samples respectively in the children of Salekhard at the age of 7-11; and iron, copper, chromium, zinc and manganese in 70.0 %, 50.0 %, 44.4 %, 40.0 % and 20.0 % of samples respectively for the children of Salekhard at the age of 13-16 years. The children of the village of Yar-Sale, two age groups have exceeded the recommended levels for iron, chromium, copper and zinc, the percentage of such samples for children aged 7 to 11 years was 100.0 %, 85.7 %, 57.1 % and 7.1 % respectively, and for children from 13 to 17 years- 100.0 %, 86.7 %, 13.3 % and 13.3 % respectively. Conclusion. The conducted studies on the study of heavy metals in hair of both age groups of children in in settlement Yar-Sale and city Salekhard found exceedances of recommended values for zinc, copper, iron, chromium (except for the age group of children of 7-11 years of Salekhard) and manganese (for children living in Salekhard).

Introduction. Hygienic studies in the production of polyvinyl chloride showed vinyl chloride to be the main adverse factor affecting workers. Many years of clinical investigations of employees of “East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research” proved the formation of the initial manifestations of chronic intoxication with vinyl chloride with the damage to the nervous system in a few years from the beginning of production in contact with the toxicant, the marked dependence of the risk of violations of workers health from exposure value toxic load (EVTL). Currently, the study of changes in neurological indices depending on the level of the toxic exposure load is very relevant. Based on the mentioned above, the aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of the state of the central and peripheral conductive structures in the intermediate workers of the production of vinyl chloride taking into account the toxic exposure of the load. Material and methods. A group of stair workers contacting with vinyl chloride was examined. There were observed 42 males of the mean age of 49.2±4.4 years, the average duration of the exposure to vinyl chloride was 18.1±5.6 years. Examined cases were distributed into two groups: 1 group included 31 workers with a moderate extent of EVTL, 2 group consisted of 11 persons with extremely high EVTL. The control group included 30 male employees, matched for the age without exposure to occupational harmful impacts. The concentration of vinyl chloride was determined in the blood samples of the observed patients, somatosensory evoked potentials were registered and stimulation electroneuromyography was performed according to the conventional method. Results. The study showed changes in individuals with a higher EVTL value. Changes in the functional state of neurons in the brain stem were revealed. At the periphery level, there were more noted more pronounced alterations in the functional state of the motor and the sensory axons of the cubital and tibial nerve. The established relationship between the EVTL value in exposed workers, and the pronouncement of the studied indices characterizing the state of the central the periphery, conductive structures, allows speaking about the dependence of the lattters on conditions existing in the production of polyvinyl chloride

This article presents results of the quantitative assessment of the blood content of organochlorine compounds (vinyl chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane) and its metabolite thiodiacetic acid (TDAA) in the urine of workers of the production of vinyl chloride (VC) and polyvinyl chloride(PVC). The studies were executed in two phases: in the first phase, 65 persons were surveyed at the time of the periodic medical examination, at the second phase - 10 workers of basic professions (apparatchiks of gas separation and polymerization and cleaners) werу observed in the dynamics of 12-hour shifts. The sample consisted of persons, who regularly passed bioassay test before the work shift, and after the shift and the next day before the shift. The purpose of the study was the evaluation of the content of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the organism of workers of VC and PVC productions. The studies were conducted using the methods developed in our laboratory with using a gas chromatograph Agilent 7890A with a flame ionization detector, docked with the Headspace Sampler Agilent 7694E and gas chromatograph Agilent 7890A with a Mass Selective Detector Agilent 5975C. Statistically significant differences in TDAA urine content were found between workers and cases from the control group. There was detected its dependence on the levels of as well exposure to toxic substances, the production, and occupation, as the duration of the post-exposure period. The average value of the urine content of TDAA in workers of the workshop of VC production authentically was shown to be 2.57 times higher than in workers of the workshop of the PVC production. The average urine concentration of TDAA in workers of both workshops were 5.0 and 19.9 times higher than in cases from the control group (0.27±0.02 mg/dm3). Th urine TDAA content in panmen was authentically 2 times higher than in workers from the group of the subsidiary occupations. It should be noted that the largest percentage of urine samples with exceeding TDAA levels in the control group - 84.8% was observed in panmen, in the group of auxiliary occupation the percentage of these samples amounted to 75.0%. Increased levels of the urinary TDAA excretion was observed during the work after 12 hours after the end of the shift, before starting the next shift period and during a medical examination 24 hours after the cessation of the exposure to toxicants, which may be the optimal time urine collection during biomonitoring studies.