To improve the wear behavior of UHMWPE, the correlation between microstructure and wear resistance was studied. In this study it was found that the relationship between wear volume and sliding distance fits a power law. The exponent was used to represent the wear property, and crystal orientation distribution (texture) was used to represent microstructure. Texture analysis showed that four kinds of annealed UHMWPE sheets were all somehow isotropic. This correlates with the wear behavior of these four UHMWPE sheets.