The influence of the addition of Amaranthus cruenthus seed meal to the medium, as nutrient and growth factor, on protease production by Bacillus subtilis 3411 was studied. Tests were carried out in a rotary shaker and in mechanically stirred fermenters. The influence of aeration was also evaluated. The addition of amaranth in a concentration of 20 g/L resulted in 400% increase in protease production. Aeration up to 750 r.p.m. and 1 L/L.min had a favorable effect.

The influence of aeration and automatic pH control on the production of <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>-amylase by a strain of Bacillus subtilis NRRL 3411 from acid cheese whey was studied. Tests were carried out in a rotary shaker and in mechanically stirred fermenters. <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>-amylase was analysed according to DUN’s method. Oxygen absorption rate was determined by Cooper’s method. Cell oxygen demand was determined as oxygen consumption in a Warburg respirometer. The level of dissolved oxygen was measured by means of a galvanic silver-lead electrode. Results suggest the possibility of industrial use of acid cheese whey as a carbon source for <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>-amylase production, since the yield was similar to that produced with lactose. The highest <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>-amylase levels 10,000 DUN/ml units were not attained at higher aeration rates -431 mLO2/L.h-. The indicated value correspond to a 96 h process with automatic pH control at 7.5. These conditions resulted in double concentration of <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>-amylase. The enzyme production was directly related to growth in the form of cell aggregates.

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Sumario I) Ácido láctico, generalidades II) Microorganismos usados en la fermentación láctica III) Características generales de la fermentación láctica IV) Métodos de obtención de ácido láctico por fermentación V) Aplicaciones del ácido láctico y del lactato de calcio VI) Métodos de valoración de ácido láctico en medios de cultivo Parte experimental VII) Cepa y medios de cultivo VIII) Ensayos de diferentes sustancias nutritivas IX) Ensayos con un medio de hidrolisado de batata X) Ensayos en escala Planta piloto XI) Conclusiones XII) Bibliografía