No abstract

Представлены данные собственных исследований биоценотической структуры природного очага иксодового клещевого боррелиоза в биотопах Ростовской области. Обнаружена ДНК боррелий комплекса Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) в пробах от мелких млекопитающих и рукокрылых, птиц, иксодовых клещей и кровососущих насекомых. Полученные данные характеризуют биоценотическую структуру, как поли векторную и полигастальную, обеспечивающую стабильное функционирование природного очага. Ключевые слова: биоценотическая структура, иксодовый клещевой боррелиоз, природный очаг, паразитарная система. The data of our own studies of the biocenotic structure of the natural focus of Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis in biotopes of the Rostov region are presented. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) Borrelia DNA complex was detected in samples from small mammals and bats, birds, ixodid ticks and bloodsucking insects. The obtained data characterize the biocenotic structure as poly vector and poly pastal, ensuring stable functioning of the natural focus. Key words: biocenotic structure, ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, natural focus, parasitic system. Введение Иксодовые клещевые боррелиозы (ИКБ) (синонимы: Лайм-боррелиоз, боррелиоз Лайма, болезнь Лайма)-группа природно-очаговых зоонозов с трансмиссивным механизмом передачи возбудителей. Возбудители ИКБ относятся к роду Borrelia семейства Spirochaetaceae. Патогенные для человека и животных виды боррелий объединяют в комплекс Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) [11, 12]. Природные очаги иксодового клещевого боррелиоза приурочены, главным образом, к лесным ландшафтам умеренного климатического пояса. В пределах России находится значительная или даже большая часть мирового ареала ИКБ. Его границы совпадают с ареалом основных переносчиков-клещей рода Ixodes (Latreille, 1795): Ixodes persulcatus (Schulze, 1930) и Ixodes ricinus (Linneus, 1758) и расположены в таёжной и лесной зонах [5]. Большая часть Ростовской области находится в степной и сухостепной зонах с засушливым климатом и территория, занимаемая лесами, незначительна, ландшафтно-географические особенности региона не являются благоприятными для широкого распространения I. ricinus, вследствие чего, ареал этого вида мозаичен. Тем не менее, в 2007 г. на территории Ростовской области впервые были выявлены ДНК возбу

The aim of study was to conduct epizootiological monitoring of natural tularemia foci of the steppe type and investigate epizootic activity in the south-east of the Rostov Region.Materials and methods. An epizootiological survey was carried out on the territory of Remontnensky, Sal’sky and Peschanokopsky districts of the Rostov Region in 2019–2021. To capture and collect mammals, Ixodidae ticks and to study the samples of field material conventional methods were used.Results and discussion. Habitation of 16 species of small mammals, 6 species of Ixodidae ticks has been found. Molecular-genetic analysis of the voles has revealed the presence of the species Microtus arvalis obscurus in the studied area of the region. The circulation of the tularemia agent has been established in the population of common and social voles, forest mouse, hare, rook, Dermacentor marginatus, Hyalomma marginatum, removed from rooks. In May 2020, a high increase in the number of the social vole in the Remontnensky district (up to 21 %), in July 2020 – the common vole in the agrocenoses of the Sal’sky district (up to 33 %) was observed. An extensive epizooty of tularemia was detected in the population of common vole in the south-east of the Rostov Region and in adjacent territories in the Republic of Kalmykia and the Stavropol territory. Two cultures of the pathogen were isolated from the fallen and captured social voles, and four cultures – from the common vole. The isolated strains belong to the Holarctic subspecies of Francisella tularensis EryR. The results obtained attest to the activation of the natural tularemia focus in the south-east of the Rostov Region and its high epizootic activity.

No abstract

AIM: To qualitatively assess the impact of some anthropogenic factors (construction of industrial facilities, transport networks, intensification of agriculture) on natural foci of tularemia in the Rostov agglomeration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The official data and reports of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Rosselkhoznadzor, the data of the Department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Rostov region, the Federal State Budgetary Institution Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Rostov Region of Rospotrebnadzor were analyzed. Zoological and parasitological studies were carried out in accordance with modern regulatory documents in force. The detection of F. tularensis markers in field samples was carried out using serological and molecular genetic methods. RESULTS: It was found that the existing territories under natural protection of the Russian agglomeration restrict degradation processes, while maintaining the simultaneous coexistence of native species and synanthropic animals that make up the parasitic circulation system of the tularemia pathogen. CONCLUSION: The qualitative assessment of anthropogenic pressure/action can probably be interpreted as conditionally neutral. This could lead to potential risks of infection of the unvaccinated population of the Rostov agglomeration in natural foci of tularemia. The dynamism of the processes of anthropogenic action requires constant monitoring of the changes in the species diversity of carriers and vectors, their abundance, and infection in the natural foci of tularemia in the Rostov agglomeration.