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The purpose of the study was to investigate the external structure, topographic and morphometric variability of the arteries of the greater omenta in elderly women and men in normal cases. Materials and methods. The greater omenta of elderly women and men were examined using anatomical preparation, somatoscopic and morphometric methods. Greater omenta were examined on 20 corpses of elderly people. The deceased had no pathology in the abdominal cavity. Based on the value of the body mass index, the body type of people was determined. Results and discussion. The greater omentum is supplied by the right and left gastroepiploic arteries. These arteries form the superior arterial arch in 15 of 18 cases, and in 3 cases the arch was absent. The inferior arterial arch was evident in 1 of 20 cases. The left gastroepiploic artery in 2 of 20 cases was absent on the anterior plate of the greater omentum and was detected in the thickness of the posterior plate of the greater omentum. From the right gastroepiploic artery central, right medial, right intermediate and right lateral arteries depart. In two out of 20 cases, the left accessory artery departed from the right gastroepiploic artery, which was located in the left half of the greater omentum. The central artery of the greater omentum has a greater length and outer diameter in men. The branches of the right gastroepiploic artery supply the right half of the greater omentum and reach the lower edge of its free part. The left gastroepiploic artery branches into the left medial, left intermediate and left lateral arteries, which branch in the thickness of the left half of the omentum, supplying it without reaching the lower edge of its free part. In 45% quadrangular, 15% – triangular and 40% – irregular shape of the greater omentum with two or more lobes were revealed. The zone of the central, and in its absence, the right medial and left medial arteries of the greater omentum is most convenient for excision of the flap for transplantation with quadrangular and triangular forms of the greater omentum in the elderly. Conclusion. In elderly people, the shape of the greater omentum does not depend on their body type. The quadrangular omenta have the largest area, the smaller triangular and irregular ones. The presence of adipose tissue in the greater omentum depends on body weight. It is advisable to perform laparoscopy before omentoplasty in a patient with excessive body weight. With age, the appearance of the greater omentum changes due to the presence of adipose tissue. We have identified the following forms of the greater omentum, depending on the presence of the severity of adipose tissue: it was transparent, like fine lace; large omentum with excessively developed adipose tissue covering the omentum with a continuous layer

Currently, the greater omentum is widely used in surgery as a source of grafts in reconstructive plastic surgery. Postmortem studies of the greater omentum taken from male and female died individuals of the second mature, elderly and senile age with brachiomorphic, mesomorphic and dolichomorphic body types were carried out. The methodology included aomatoscopic, morphometric methods and the methods of anatomical preparation. It has been established that the greater omentum consists of two parts: secured and unsecured. The secured part of the greater omentum is located between the great curvature of the stomach and the omental band of the transverse colon and is called the gastrocolic ligament. In the second mature, elderly and senile age, the shape and size of the greater omenta are not dependent on the human body type. At the same age periods, the greater omenta of the quadrangular, triangular and irregular shapes are found in women and men. Quadrangular greater omenta occupy the largest area; while the area occupied by the greater omenta of triangular and irregular shape is less. The quadrangular shape of the greater omentum is more favourable for obtaining the graft for transplantation to organs with a large defect. At all ages, the intensity of the development of the adipose tissue in the greater omentum depends on the prominence of subcutaneous adipose tissue, especially in overweight individuals. In the presence of adipose tissue, the following types of the greater omentum have been identified: 1) the greater omentum without adipose tissue; 2) the greater omentum with moderately developed adipose tissue; 3) the greater omentum with excessively developed adipose tissue. The greater omenta without adipose tissue are plastic with clearly visible vessels and their branching. The adipose tissue is located along the vessels, and the areas without adipose tissue are transparent, resembling a thin lace. In greater omenta with excessively developed adipose tissue, the vessels were not verified due to the numerous fat particles that cover the entire surface of the omentum in a continuous layer. The greater omentum with excessively developed adipose tissue becomes thick and loses its flexibility. Before omentoplasty, laparoscopic examination of the greater omentum of overweight patient is advisable in the preoperative period. One of the causes of bowel entrapment there are through holes in the unsecured part of the greater omentum.

Occupational burnout syndrome most often occurs among professionals of the at-risk occupations, i.e. those who work in close contact with people and have to communicate a lot and intensively with others. This group includes educational specialists (teachers, educators, psychologists), medical professionals, and sale representatives. Fatigue, weakness, lack of interest in their activities against the background of chronic stress, is well known to many people, especially workaholics, who strive to do as much as possible, resulting in emotional burnout. With the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, burnout has taken on a different form due to isolation, fears for the lives and health of family members, and distance from workplaces and well-accustomed co-workers. Distance learning has created new challenges for teachers and students of HEIs. Study before quarantine was already complicated, given the heavy workload, the large volume of the curriculum, and the constant lack of free time. Working in such rhythm makes it difficult to maintain mental health and prevent emotional burnout. The professional activity of university educators is characterized by increased responsibility, a wide range of commitments and the need for continuous professional development. In addition to the educational process, the teacher is responsible for the implementation of methodological, organizational, educational and research work. The influence of stressors on a teacher’s health contributes to the emergence of the syndrome of occupational burnout. “Quarantine” factors influencing the development of occupational burnout can be assigned into two groups: organizational and psychological factors related to the novel special organization of work in quarantine; psychological factors associated with the new psychological features of the professional activity and their own subjective characteristics. To prevent the development of occupational burnout, psychologists recommend to take care of yourself; do not forget about rest; realistically estimate own capabilities and, accordingly, plan work and time; do not make unnecessary commitments; do not demand too much from yourself; work should bring joy.

Украинская медицинская стоматологическая академия, г. ПолтаваАвтономная нервная система состоит из симпатического и парасимпатического отделов. Центральный отдел представлен надсегментарными и сегментарными центрами. Парасимпатические сегментарные центры в головном мозге: добавочное ядро глазодвигательного нервов, верхнее слюноотделительное ядро лицевого нерва, нижнее слюноотделительное ядро языкоглоточного нерва и дорсальное ядро блуждающего нерва. В спинном мозге это промежуточнолатеральные ядра. Симпатические сегментарные центры в головном мозге отсутствуют, а в спинном мозге промежуточно-латеральные ядра располагаются в боковых рогах в восьмом шейном, всех грудных и 1-2 поясничных спинномозговых сегментах. Периферическая часть автономной нервной системы представлена предузловыми и послеузловыми ветвями, околопозвоночными, предпозвоночными и конечными узлами и сплетениями. Интрамуральная часть автономной нервной системы состоит в большей части из широко-и узкопетлистой сети богатой большим количеством различной формы и величины нервно-клеточных скоплений в виде так называемых интрамуральных узлов или отдельных нервных клеток, включенных по ходу петель сети. Автономные сплетения брюшной полости топографически разделяются на: чревное, верхнее и нижнее брыжеечные, брюшное аортальное, межбрыжеечное, верхнее и нижнее подчревные.Ключевые слова:автономная нервная система, симпатические нервы, парасимпатические нервы, автономные узлы.