Aim. To study clinical, laboratory and psychological aspects of moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in cardiovascular patients one month after discharge from the hospital.Material and methods. The study included 88 patients with cardiovascular diseases hospitalized for COVID-19. After 1 month, 72 respondents continued the participation in the study. Medical history collection, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations were performed. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) by Zigmond A. S., Snaith R. P., Beck Anxiety Inventory scale, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scale for assessing mental status.Results. One month after discharge, there was a decrease in the number of patients with signs of impaired respiratory system, such as cough, shortness of breath, chest congestion, while a decrease in exercise tolerance persists was revealed in 80,5% (out of 95,5% during hospiatalization), generalized weakness and increased sweating — in 69,5%. In addition, 38,9% of patients noted a noticeable, newly reported, hair loss. Attention is drawn to the high prevalence of neurological symptoms during hospiatalization, including dizziness, severe headaches not relieved by analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, lethargy, disorientation of place and time, and in some cases even hallucinations. Some of the symptoms persist after 1 month: 55,5% note a decrease in memory, 36% — feelings of fear and anxiety, 63,9% — sleep disorders in the form of frequent nocturnal awakenings (19,4%), insomnia (16,6%), long falling asleep (11,1%). Some of the respondents revealed unfavorable events over the past month as follows: blood pressure (BP) destabilization in the form of episodes of BP increase and decrease during the day — 36,0%, hypertensive crisis — 14,0%. There was an increase in the number of patients with subclinical and clinical depression (p<0,05). There was also an increase in the number of patients with hypercholesterolemia compared with inhospital data by 15,5%.Conclusion. One month after discharge, the respiratory symptoms naturally decrease, but new symptoms appear, such as shortness of breath during exercise, fatigue, unsteady gait, hair loss, and increased sweating. There was an increase in the number of patients with subclinical and clinical depression on the HADS scale. Among laboratory parameters, an increase in the number of patients with increased level of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins was revealed.

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BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 virus, which induces COVID-19, not only affects the lungs, but also negatively affects the cardiovascular system, causing decompensation of the existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). AIM: Тo find out the peculiarities of the course and treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey was conducted among patients with CVD undergoing outpatient treatment for COVID-19. A special questionnaire was developed containing 48 questions about the symptoms of COVID-19 and the prescribed therapy. The respondents were ill with a new coronavirus infection between August 2020 and January 2021. The survey involved 54 patients aged 43–82 years, among them 36 (66.7%) women and 18 (33.3%) men. Patients of age groups 61–70 years and 51–60 years prevailed (33.3% and 29.6%, respectively). The respondents had the following CVD: arterial hypertension — 54 (100%) and coronary heart disease (exertion angina) — 16 (29.6%). RESULTS. COVID-19 was manifested by cough — in 32 (59.3%) patients, shortness of breath — in 34 (63%). There was marked weakness (44 (81.5%)), limitation of physical activity (48 (88.9%)). Of the skin manifestations, patients described itching (14 (25.9%)). Myalgia was present in 40 (74.1%) patients and joint pain — in 36 (66.7%). Of the classic manifestations of COVID-19 infection, 34 (40.7%) and 22 (50%) patients had reduction or loss of olfaction and gustatory sensations. On the part of the gastrointestinal tract, the following symptoms were present: lack of appetite (6 (11.1%)), nausea (6 (11.1%)) and diarrhea (2 (3.7%)). Neurological manifestations of COVID-19, such as episodes of dizziness, disorientation in space and time, and feelings of fear and anxiety, were observed in 38 (70.6%) respondents. There were also unusual manifestations of the disease: increased blood pressure, decreased blood pressure, weakness in the legs, disorders in urination, ring-shaped granuloma, conjunctivitis, tickling in throat. Treatment: most patients with mild and moderate course of the disease took drugs that are not specified in the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation for COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with CVD had manifestations of COVID-19 on the part of the respiratory, musculoskeletal systems, as well as neurological manifestations of the disease. Skin manifestations and manifestations on the part of the gastrointestinal tract were present only in a small part of the respondents.

Aim. Study the effect of a study video, which was created by researchers and devoted to the atherosclerosis development and the effect of statin therapy on atherosclerotic plaque, on adherence to long-term therapy in patients with high or very high risk of cardiovascular complications.Material and methods. 120 patients admitted to hospital with cardiovascular diseases were included in the study. Patients were randomized into 2 groups: in the main group (n=60), the information video edited by the researchers was shown to patients on the eve of discharge, in addition to a printed brochure on lifestyle and diet modification, and in the control group (n=60), patients were given only a standard brochure. The motivating video shows the damage to the cardiovascular system by the atherosclerotic process and the beneficial effect on the body of constant intake of statins. After 1 and 3 months after discharge from the hospital, telephone calls were made, after which the patients had to visit the center for an objective examination by a researcher and control of laboratory parameters. After 1 month, 110 patients visited the center, after 3 months, 98 respondents visited the center.Results. The group with the information video demonstration noted more frequent adherence to medical recommendations compared to the control: after 1 month, 52 (96%) patients continued treatment versus 48 (86%) patients, 3 months after discharge 48 (96%) patients continued treatment versus 38 (79%) patients (p<0.05). After 1 month, 38 (70%) patients in the intervention group continued taking statins versus 29 (43%) respondents in the control group (p<0.05), 3 months after discharge, 40 (80%) patients in the intervention group continued to take statins versus 33 (69%) control patients (p<0.09).Conclusion. Demonstration of a motivating video about the effect of statins on the atherosclerosis course increases patient adherence to medicinal therapy, including adherence to statins.