The paper outlines experimental results of structure formation in welded joints by means of concentration change of molybdenum nanostructured powders in shielding gas. Molybdenum nanostructured powders are arc welded in a liquid welding pool by consumable electrode in argon. It was found out that different powder concentration forms different microstructure of deposited metal.

The paper reviews research works on nanoincorporated consumables for welding, surfacing and spraying. Use of metal and compound nanoparticles is considered such as tungsten carbide, tungsten-cobalt carbide, chromium carbide, titanium carbonitride, aluminum oxide and others. It has been proved that inoculation of nanopowders results in modification of metal structure and improves service performance of weld joints.