Our study revealed the correlations between parameters that reflect changes in the systemic regulation of physiological functions during abnormal occlusion accompanied by disturbances in postural control. Estimating the heart rate variability, studying the posture (by means of computer optical topography), and performing the tests for activity of the autonomic nervous system showed that a normal functional state is characterized by coordinated activity of the postural control apparatus, occlusion of dentition, and other physiological systems. By contrast, the predominance of sympathetic autonomic regulation and anomaly of occlusion in the form of distal occlusion are is accompanied by the certain postural disorders (scoliosis of the 1st - 2nd degree in the frontal plane). Orthodontic treatment was followed by a decrease in activity of the sympathetic nervous system for heart rate regulation, which illustrates an increase in the adaptability of cardiovascular functions. These data are promising for an improvement of instrumental procedures for functional diagnostics in physiology and dentistry.