SUMMARY:The main aim of this study was to estimate phenotypic correlations among live weight, withers height, rump height, chest depth, chest width, thoracic girth, body length, hip widths (between iliac tuberosities and between ischial tuberosities) and forelimb cannon perimeter with antler length measured during the growth of marals on a Kazakh farm. The data comprised 18 animals studied during their growth (at 18 months and at 24 months). In maral, the first period of antler productivity takes place at the age of 24 months. This fact should be taken into account in order to select the best animals for antler production, which is the main purpose for farming this species.

Thirty-three stag maral deer (Cervus elaphus sibiricus) 42 month old were allocated to one of three treatment groups: hay-concentrate typical diet, silage and haylage diets with a mineral block (zeolite clay, boiled antler broth and fodder salt). When mineral block was included in diets higher levels carcass weight, flesh weight, dry matter, pH were measured. Besides this meat and broth sensory qualities were improved.

Abstract. Nusupov AM, Sambetbaev AA, Kozhebaev BZ, Nurzhanova KH, Gorelik OV. 2021. A comparison of the milk yield and morphometrics of Irtysh type Simmental cows and their Holstein and Simmental crosses in East Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 22: 3663-3670. Cattle breeding is still a significant part of agriculture manufacture both in milk and beef production. Dairy manufacture needs more and more modifications to increase milk productivity and produce milk with better nutrition properties. The authors present a comparison of the dairy cattle of the Simmental breed (Kazakhstan Irtysh type) and its cross-breeds with red-piebald Holstein and Simmental breeds. All the animals' breeds were studied at the time of the first lactation period in cows at the “Kamyshinskoye” farm, Shemonaikha District, East Kazakhstan region. We studied the milk productivity, exterior parameters, and reproductive indicators for the control animal group (Simmental breed Irtysh type) and the crosses (cross-breeds) of the red-piebald Holstein when collecting the research results and Irtysh type and Simmental and Irtysh type. All data obtained in this study have been fully compared with the indicators of the first lactation period of Simmental cows of the Irtysh type. As a result of the study, authors have created the curve of the 305-day lactation period, studied the exterior of the animals, the morphological structures of the udder, and the annual capacity cycles of the tested cows' group. The milk yield obtained in the first complete lactation period from the red-piebald Holstein cross-animals was 240 kg or 4.2% more than the control mother group, but the average milk fat percentage has been 0.09% less. On the contrary, the cross of the Irtysh and Simmental breed has a yield less by 258 kg or 4.7% (5277 kg), but a fat milk percentage has been 0.1% more.

SUMMARY:The objective of this study was to investigate asymmetry in antlers of Caspian Red Deer or maral (Cervus elaphus sibiricus) from two different genetic origins and maintained under similar conditions. Eighteen male Caspian Red Deer aged 24 months were studied. Nine animals belonged to the local Kazakh population and nine were directly imported Russian deer. The following data were obtained for right and left antlers: wet weight, stem length and circle and 1st, 2nd and 3rd shoot lengths. To obtain the values of antler asymmetries we used the absolute differences between the value of each trait on left and right sides. According to values of asymmetries obtained, the two populations neither showed differences from each other nor exhibited consistent directional trends in mean measures. Therefore, it could be concluded that Russian marals have adapted well to environmental conditions, presenting no different levels of environmental stress in relation to local Kazakh ones.

Scientific Cooperation Center "Interactive plus" 1 Content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license (CC-BY 4.0) Мухрамова Алена Александровна магистр, начальник информационноинновационного отдела ТОО «Казахский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства» докторант Казахский национальный аграрный университет г. Алматы, Республика Казахстан Самбетбаев Адильхан Абуович д-р с.-х. наук, профессор Казахский национальный аграрный университет г. Алматы, Республика Казахстан Асылбекова Сауле Жангировна д-р биол. наук, академик АСХН РК, заместитель генерального директора ТОО «Казахский научно-исследовательский институт рыбного хозяйства» г. Алматы, Республика Казахстан