No abstract

SummaryEleven premature babies developed necrotizing enterocolitis in an epidemic of gastroenteritis and salmonella infection. This occurred in one of two premature baby wards over a period of 10 weeks. All affected babies had severe gastroenteritis and six had salmonella infection. No cases of necrotizing enterocolitis occurred in the unaffected ward during the same period. All other possible factors which might have predisposed to necrotizing enterocolitis occurred with equal frequency in both wards.There seems little doubt that infection was the significant factor in the pathogenesis.

SYNOPSIS In Bantu subjects with iron overload iron is visible in skeletal muscle cells and in the tissue histiocytes which lie between these cells. In the present study the concentrations of 'muscle' iron were measured chemically in subjects with varying hepatic storage iron concentrations. The results indicate that the concentrations of storage iron in 'muscle' are much lower than those in the liver. However, the muscle mass is so large that the total amount of iron present is at least equal to that in the liver in subjects with normal body stores. The concentrations of iron in 'muscle' are raised in subjects with iron overload but the degree to which they rise is far less than occurs in the liver; a thirtyfold increase in hepatic iron concentrations is associated with only a sixfold increase in 'muscle' iron. Experiments in rats revealed that storage iron in 'muscle' represents a relatively non-miscible pool which responds very little to acute changes in the iron environment.Most of the body iron stores are situated in the liver, the spleen, and the bone marrow, but it has been shown that there is also an appreciable amount of storage iron in skeletal muscle. Roth, Jasinski, and von Bidder (1951) Various procedures were carried out on 5 ml aliquots of the homogenate. Total iron was determined by the thioglycollic acid method (McCance, Widdowson, and Shackleton, 1936) after digestion with sulphuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. The concentrations of insoluble iron and of ferritin iron were estimated on a second aliquot. After centrifugation at 9,000 x g for 20 minutes the supernatant solution was separated and the total iron content of the precipitate was determined by the method already described. The ferritin in the supernatant solution was precipitated with an antiserum prepared in rabbits. After adding the antiserum, the mixture was allowed to stand overnight at 4°C and was then centrifuged at 3,000 x g for 20 minutes. The iron content of the deposit was determined after acid digestion as before. A third aliquot was used for determination of non-haem iron, using a modification (Gale, Torrance, and Bothwell, 1963) of the method of Bruckmann and Zondek (1940). After adding 5 ml saturated sodium pyrophosphate and 5 ml 2000, trichloracetic acid, the mixture was stirred at 80°C for 10 minutes. It was cooled, filtered through acid-washed filter paper, and the iron content of an aliquot of the clear filtrate measured using the thioglycollic acid method. Finally, the method of Bothwell, Roos, and Lifschitz (1964) was used to determine the concentration of haemoglobin iron on a fourth aliquot. In this method the tissue is hydrolysed in normal sodium hydroxide and a pyridine haemochromogen determination is carried out on the supernatant solution. All results were expressed as Htg!g wet weight.ANIMAL STUDY Weanling rats of the Wistar strain were divided into three groups. All were given a basic low iron diet similar to that described by Valberg, Taylor, Witts, and Richards (1961). Group 1 received no iro...

1. Tumoral calcinosis and lipocalcinoma-granulomatosis are synonymous terms for the same entity. 2. The condition justifies inclusion as an important type of calcinosis and is to be differentiated from calcinosis universalis and calcinosis circumscripta. 3. It occurs during the first or second decades, large dense nodular masses forming in the periarticular tissues at the hips, shoulders and elbows. Smaller masses may have a wider distribution. 4. It has been reported to be a metabolic disease of obscure etiology. 5. The course is benign but excision of the masses should be undertaken early to avoid operative difficulties and secondary infection.

No abstract