Tamarindus indica Linn (Caesalpiniaceae) is a tropical evergreen tree, extensively used as traditional medicine in all countries. T. indica is commonly found in fertile areas throughout the Africa and Southern Asia. Even though this plant has gained scientific importance recently, there is a need for the pharmacognostic standardization. Hence, in the present work the leaf of the plant were subjected to various microscopical and physical evaluations. In the microscopical studies, the different cell structures and arrangements were studied and in physical evaluation the ash values and extractive values were studied. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of T. indica is necessary as it is highly potent commercially. The present study established macro and microscopic characteristics, physicochemical values and phytochemical screening of leaves of T. indica. The various pharmacognostic constants were obtained which could help in the development of a suitable monograph for the plant.