Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) can help plants to uptake nutrients, especially phosphorus, so that plants will produce sustainably. The study aimed to evaluate the inoculum of AMF obtained by hydroponic techniques, such as spray, drip, and NFT (Nutrient Film Techniques), with different nutrients Hyponex red and AB mix on Brachiaria decumbens grass. The experimental design used randomized complete design with 7 treatments namely control, SP1 (Spray/Hyponex red), SP2 (Spray/AB mix), NP1 (NFT/Hyponex red), NP2 (NFT/AB mix), DP1 (Drip/Hyponex Red), DP2 (Drip/AB mix). Variables measured were production of shoot dry matter; content, and uptake of phosphorus, nitrogen, and crude protein. The results showed that AMF inoculum significantly (p<0.05) increased shoot dry matter production, phosphor, nitrogen, and protein content when compared with control. Phosphorus uptake in SP2 gave the best results but not significantly different from NP1, NP2, and DP1, but significantly different (p<0.05) with SP1, DP2, and control. The AMF inoculum significantly (p<0.5) increased nitrogen and protein uptake when compared to control. The conclusion that AMF inoculum increased shoot dry matter, phosphor, nitrogen, and protein content, and uptake of phosphorus, nitrogen, and protein. The inoculum that has been produced can be used by the community to increase productivity.

ABSTRAKAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) merupakan salah satu leguminosa dengan kandungan nutrisi tinggi dengan tingkat palatabilitas yang baik pada ternak ruminansia. Kendala ketersediaan alfalfa di Indonesia adalah terbatasnya kemampuan adaptasi tanaman alfalfa di lingkungan tropis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengukur tingkat adaptasi tanaman alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hasil mutasi dengan sinar gamma pada skala lapang. Penelitian terdiri dari 4 macam sumber tanaman, yakni tanaman hasil mutasi dengan level sinar gamma yang berbeda (0 Gy, 200Gy, 300Gy dan 400 Gy). Jumlah anakan tanaman diuji dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 ulangan dan masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 20 tanaman. Daya tumbuh, warna daun, waktu berbunga dan tingkat serangan hama tanaman dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman alfalfa hasil mutasi 300 Gy nyata (p<0.05) menghasilkan jumlah anakan terbanyak. Tanaman hasil iradiasi 300 Gy memberikan perilaku yang lebih baik terhadap daya tumbuh, daya berbunga dan jumlah tanaman tidak terserang hama. Semakin tinggi level iradiasi sinar gamma terhadap warna daun, menunjukkan perubahan tingkat warna dari hijau tua menuju hijau muda.Kata kunci: alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), mutasi, iradiasi sinar gamma, skala lapang ABSTRACT Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) a high nutritious and palatability legume for ruminant. Constrain of alfalfa availability in Indonesia are due to the plant adaptability in tropical environment. Aim of the study was to measure the adaptation level of alfalfa that irradiated with gamma rays on a field scale. The study consisted of four types of plant sources, mutation plants with different gamma ray levels (0Gy, 200Gy, 300Gy and 400Gy). Plant tillers was analyzed with a complete randomized design with 3 replications, 20 plants per replication. Growth capability, leaf color, flowering time and pest attack level were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that alfalfa irradiated with 300 Gy significantly (p<0.05) produced highest tillers. Irradiated 300 Gy plant gave better result on growth capability, flowering capability, and number of not attack plant from pests. The higher level of gamma ray irradiation showed the changed in leaf color levels from dark green to light green.

<p>ABSTRAK<br /><br />Pengembangan hijauan membutuhkan pupuk ramah lingkungan. Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) adalah asosiasi yang melibatkan jamur dan akar yang dianggap sebagai pupuk hayati untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman dan toleran dari kondisi lingkungan. Ketersediaan FMA masih jarang, sehingga dibutuhkan produksi massal untuk dapat mendukung pengembangan hijauan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan inokulum AMF menggunakan sistem hidroponik dalam jumlah besar secara efektif. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 2 tahap. Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial yang digunakan pada tahap pertama dengan faktor A adalah jenis sistem irigasi (Manual, Drip dan Nutrien Film Technique System (NFT)) dan B adalah larutan nutrisi (AB Mix dan Hyponex Red) dengan Pueraria javanica sebagai tanaman inang. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dilakukan pada tahap kedua dengan menggunakan produksi inokulum FMA dari tahap pertama dengan Brachiaria decumbens var Mullato sebagai tanaman inang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara sistem NFT dan AB Mix signifikan (P&lt;0,05) menghasilkan bahan kering tajuk, bahan kering akar dan spora paling tinggi. Semua tipe sistem irigasi dan nutrisi menunjukkan infeksi akar&gt;96%. FMA inokulasi di Brachiaria decumbes var Mulato signifikan(P &lt;0,05) pada bahan kering tajuk, kandungan N, kandungan P dan serapan P.</p><p><br />Kata kunci: Brachiaria decumbes, FMA, sistem Drip, sistem NFT, Pueraria javanica,</p><p><br />ABSTRACT</p><p>Forage mass production development requires environmental friendly fertilizer. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are mutualitic symbioses between plant and fungi that considered as natural biofertilizer with benefit to improve plant productivitity and environment stress tolerance. The availability of AMF is still low, so it takes mass production to be able to support forage development. The aim of the research was to produce AMF inoculum using hydroponic system in large quantities. This research divided into 2 stages. The factorial randomized block design was used for the first stage with A factor was type of irrigation system (Manual, Drip and Nutrient Film Technique System (NFT)) and B was the nutritional solution (AB Mix and Hyponex Red) using Pueraria javanica as host plant. Completely randomized design was conducted for the second stage by using AMF inoculum production from first stage using Brachiariadecumbens var Mullat as host plant. The best result was a combination beetwen NFT system and AB Mix significantly (P&lt;0.05) produce highest shoot dry matter, root dry matter and spore production. All type of irrigation system and nutrition showed root infection &gt;96%. AMF inoculation in Brachiariadecumbes var Mulato was significant different (P&lt;0.05) on shoot dry matter, N content, P content and P uptake.</p><p><br />Keywords: AMF, B. decumbes, Drip system, NFT system, P. javanica,</p>

ABSTRAKHijauan merupakan pakan utama ternak kerbau di peternakan rakyat. Kebutuhan hijauan pakan akan meningkat seiring tuntutan peningkatan populasi kerbau. Kerbau dipelihara secara semi intensif di padang penggembalaan alam, pekarangan dan terintegrasi dengan lahan pertanian. Ketersediaan hijauan untuk kerbau rendah pada musim kemarau. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengukur potensi hijauan pakan dan strateginya untuk kemandirian pakan hijauan bagi kerbau di Provinsi Banten. Penelitian dilaksanakan di padang penggembalaan kerbau (padang alam dan terintegrasi pertanian) yang dikelola oleh peternak rakyat di Kabupaten Lebak dan Serang Provinsi Banten. Parameter yang diukur meliputi: (1) komposisi botani hijauan pakan, (2) kapasitas tampung hijauan pakan, (3) jenis-jenis tanaman pakan di padang penggembalaan kerbau, (4) kualitas produk silase dan hay dari hijauan pakan asal padang penggembalaan kerbau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi botani yang bervariasi dengan dominasi vegerasi utama adalah jenis rumput (56,55-95,94%), nilai kapasitas tampung rendah dan bervariasi (0.29 ± 0.17 -0.98 ±0.39 UT/ha). Diperoleh 24 jenis tanaman pakan yang berpotensi sebagai hijauan pakan bagi kerbau. Dihasilkan produk hijauan hasil penyimpanan berupa silase dan hay yang berpotensi sebagai sumber pakan pada musim kemarau. Kata kunci : kemandirian pakan, kerbau, padang penggembalaan, peternakan rakyatABSTRACT Forage is the main feed of buffalo in smallholder farms. The need of forage will increase along to the increased demand of buffalo population. Buffaloes are kept as semi-intensive in natural grassland, house yard and integrated with agricultural land. Forages availability for buffalos are low in the dry season. The aim of this research is to measure the potential forage and the strategy for self-sufficiency of forage for buffalo in Province of Banten. The research was conducted in buffalo pasture (natural and integrated with paddy fields) managed by smallholder farmers in Lebak and Serang Regencies, Banten Province. Parameters measured include: (1) botanical composition of forage, (2) forage carrying capacity, (3) types of feed crops in buffalo pastures, (4) quality of silage and hay products from buffalo pasture. The results showed that botanical composition was varied with predominant vegetation dominance was grasses (56.55-95.94%), low and varied carrying capacity (0.29 ± 0.17 -0.98 ± 0.39 AU/ha), 24 types of forage plant were found which are potential as buffalo feed. Silage and hay from buffalo grassland were potential as feed resources in the dry season.

ABSTRAKLamtoro merupakan tanaman leguminosa pohon dengan kandungan protein tinggi yang memiliki tingkat adaptasi lingkungan yang luas terhadap cekaman kering, tetapi kemampuan adaptasi lamtoro terhadap cekaman masam relatif terbatas. Pemutasian lamtoro melalui iradiasi sinar gamma dosis 40 Gy pada tingkat kalus melalui kultur jaringan menghasilkan kandidat kalus lamtoro teradaptasi asam pada pH 3.4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur karakteristik morfologi kalus lamtoro cv Tarramba teradaptasi pH 3.4 hasil iradiasi sinar gamma 40Gy berdasaarkan perbedaan sumber sitokinin (kinetin, BAP, TDZ) pada kultur jaringan. Rancangan penelitian adalah RAL dengan 3 perlakuan perbedaan sumber sitokinin (kinetin, BAP dan TDZ) dan 10 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sumber sitokinin TDZ 0.5 ppm memberikan respon diameter kalus terbaik serta mampu menghasilkan tekstur kalus yang remah, tetapi menunjukkan respon warna kalus yang cenderung hijau muda. Kata kunci: Leucaena leucocephala cv Tarramba, morfologi kalus, teradaptasi pH 3.4, iradiasi sinar gamma, sitokininABSTRACT Lamtoro, a legume tree plant with high protein content that has a wide range of environmental adaptation to dry stress, but relatively limited to acid stress. Mutation of lamtoro through 40 Gy gamma ray irradiation on callus culture produces lamtoro callus candidates adapted with pH 3.4. Aim of the study was to measure the morphological characteristics of adapted lamtoro cv Tarramba pH 3.4 that produced by 40Gy gamma ray irradiation based on differences of cytokinins in tissue culture. The study used complete randomized design with three treatments of different sources of cytokines i.e. kinetin, BAP and TDZ with 10 replications. The results showed that 0.5 ppm TDZ was the best treatment in callus diameter, and produced crumbly callus texture, but showed callus color response that tended to be light green.