Pure films of cadmium oxide and indium-doped cadmium oxide films were deposited using a spray pyrolysis technique. The deposited films were structurally characterised using the X-ray diffraction method. The structural studies revealed that films are polycrystalline in nature with a cubic lattice. The decrease in particle size from 42 nm to 34 nm was observed as dopant was introduced. For pure CdO thin films, the band gap energy obtained was of the order of 2.58 eV, and it decreased to 2.32 eV with the addition of dopant.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of temperature on the microstructure of Manganese Ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles. The synthesis of MnFe2O4 (MFO) nanoparticles carried out by using sol - gel citrate method followed by calcinations. The nanocomposite was characterized by means of x-ray powder diffraction. Obtained XRD measurement data was crystalline in phase with a spinel structure. Additionally, sensor performance of undoped and surface modified by 1.5 wt % Pd over MFO were studied under different operating temperature and different reducing gases such as NH3, H2S, CO and ethanol. The result reveals that material exhibit excellent sensitivity and selectivity toward ammonia gas at 1800C proving their applicability in gas sensors.