Кардиология аспространение метаболического синдрома (МС) во многих странах мира, в том числе в России, приняло характер эпидемии [1]. Анализ раз-личных проспективных исследований свидетельствует о связи между наличием (МС) и смертностью от сер-дечно-сосудистых причин. Существуют данные, что у па-циентов с МС имеется нарушение вариабельности ритма сердца (ВРС), которая позволяет оценить активность раз-личных отделов вегетативной нервной системы и сниже-ние которой является прогностическим маркером смерти при ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) [2,3]. При этом окончательно не определено, изменения какой активно-сти (симпатической или парасимпатической) являются определяющими в дисфункции вегетативной нервной системы у пациентов с МС.Целью исследования было изучение ВРС во времен-ной области за 24 часа записи электрокардиограммы (ЭКГ) у мужчин с МС без ИБС. (specifically, in LF and VLF parameters) and left ventricular diastolic abnormalities that correlate with abdominal obesity. Материалы и методы

Changes in the placentas of pregnant C57Bl/6 mice infected with BCG vaccine were studied by light microscopy and morphometry. The decrease in the numbers of maternal and fetal vessels was paralleled by destructive changes and disorders in the compensatory reactions, which led to fetal hypotrophy after infection with BCG vaccine.

Hypotrophy was found in fetuses of female C57Bl/6 mice infected with BCG vaccine. Light microscopy of liver samples revealed destructive processes, impaired reparative regeneration, and fibrosis.

Chronic placental insufficiency is a serious problem for obstetricians and gynecologists worldwide, as it causes fetal hypoxia and growth retardation, and is also a risk factor for preeclampsia, which in turn negatively affects perinatal outcomes. In this regard, for proper routing and timely provision of medical care, it is necessary to competently use affordable and effective methods for diagnosing placental insufficiency. According to a number of authors, a high-risk group of pregnant women for the development of placental insufficiency can be distinguished on the basis of biochemical screening indicators of the first or second trimester, as well as Doppler ultrasound of the spiral arteries or the shape and echostructure of the placenta during ultrasound at 19–21 weeks. The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of modern methods for diagnosing chronic placental insufficiency. A detailed systematic analysis of domestic and foreign literature on methods for diagnosing chronic placental insufficiency was carried out. The study used such information bases as eLibrary, PubMed, FIPS from the moment of its creation until March 2023. A total of 153 sources were analyzed by keywords, 45 of them were recognized as meeting the purpose of our study. Conclusion. Diagnosis of placental insufficiency should be based on an integrated approach, since only a combination of several methods gives a more accurate result.

Obesity is one of the most important problems in modern health care. The high prevalence of this pathology also affects women of reproductive age, which leads to an increase in the prevalence of obesity in pregnant women. Purpose of the work ‒ analysis of the effect of adipokine indicators on predicting the development of placental insufficiency in obese women. Materials and methods. 225 women were examined who were subdivided by such a parameter as obesity into 4 groups: 3 main and 1 control. The control group consisted of 55 pregnant women with an initially normal BMI value (18.5‒24.9 kg/m2). Group 1st included 109 pregnant women with grade I obesity (BMI 31.88 1.4 kg/m2), group 2nd ‒ 34 pregnant women with grade II obesity (BMI 36.6 1.1 kg/m2), group 3rd ‒ 31 pregnant women with grade III obesity (BMI 42.2 1.9 kg/m2). We studied the data of the anamnesis of pregnant women (somatic and obstetric-gynecological), indicators of adiponectin and omentin, peculiarities of the course of pregnancy and childbirth (data of cardiotocography (CTG), ultrasound markers of disturbances in the formation and functioning of the fetoplacental complex), indicators of labor activity, parameters of newborns (mass-growth, state on the Apgar scale, ponderal index, fetal-placental ratio) and the course of the postpartum period. When conducting statistical analysis in the case of comparing two dependent (paired) samples of parameters, the paired Students t-test was used. The results were considered statistically significant if the р was less than 0.05. With this indicator, the value of the probability of difference between the compared categories was more than 95%. Results. The possibility of predicting the development of placental insufficiency depending on the concentrations of omentin and adiponectin was confirmed. The development of placental insufficiency is most likely with omentin values in the range of 177.6‒191.2 g/ml and adiponectin in the range of 16.0‒22.5 g/ml. Conclusion. Determination of adipokine levels at 8‒9 weeks gestation may be practically significant in predicting the development of placental insufficiency in obese women.