This article presents part of the findings of the Research Marketing and Technology Commercialization Survey conducted in South Africa during 2005 and 2006. Part IV (Q4) of this survey was designed to examine nine drivers of knowledge transfer between South African universities in their research and development (R&D) collaborations with industry firms. Respondents from a judgemental sample ranked the knowledge transfer for R&D collaboration between university departments and industry as: (a) the need to extract appropriate knowledge at the right time to make critical decisions; (b) the perception that knowledge is a valuable resource; (c) the emphasis on getting a return on investment in research; (d) the need to protect knowledge for competitive advantage; (e) the need to close the knowledge gap; (f) international trade; (g) the need to protect intellectual property such as patents and trademarks; (h) geographic proximity between the knowledge source and recipient; and (i) war, terrorism and natural disasters.
The prevalence of unverified information on the internet and the associated potential adverse effect on society led to the development of a number of models and theories to assess the credibility of online information. Existing research consists of two diverse approaches: the first consists of checklist approaches or normative guidelines on how to assess the information whereas the second provides descriptive models and theories of how users actually go about when assessing credibility. The above mentioned approaches consider aspects related to the presentation and content of the information. However, the reasoning in the content is not a concern that is covered in these approaches. Critical thinking is considered an increasingly important 21st century work place skill. This paper investigates the potential value of using critical thinking in assessing the credibility of online information. The paper commences with an overview of existing approaches for assessing the credibility of online information. It then argues that the presence of a well-developed argument in online information to be an indication of credibility. Critical thinking also helps to evaluate the credibility of evidence. These thinking skills can be developed through training. It is shown how a group of first year Information Systems students were able to more critically engage with the content of online news after a course on critical thinking. This paper contributes to the literature on the assessment of the credibility of online information.
Postnatal growth of captive Thryonomys smnderianus was measured for males and females on two experimental diets during 1994-1996 in Gauteng, South Africa. The experimental diets presented, differed 10-12 % in neutral detergent fibre content. Feeding trials were conducted to determine daily food intake and animal feeding efficiency. Six litters were born during the study with an average litter size of less than four. Logistic equations provided a closer fit to the growth data than Gompertz equations. The growth rates and body mass of males were significantly higher than that of females. At five months of age males attained a 23 % higher body mass than females. The postnatal growth of females and males flattened off at 300 and 370 days respectively and their feeding efficiency (gain/ intake) decreased, indicating that it is uneconomical to market them much later than this age. The two experimental diets did not affect postnatal growth. During two feeding trials, animals 247-289 and 419-454 days old, selected the food components of the two diets and their bedding differently, and their nutrient intake between the two diets did not differ significantly.Resume. -La croissance post-natale de Thryonomys swinderianus en captivite a etc mesuree chez les males et les femelles ayant suivi deux regimes alimentaires experimentaux de 1994 ä 1996 dans la province de Gauteng, en Afrique du Sud. Les regimes experimentaux presentes, differaient de 10 a 12 % dans la teneur en fibre detergente neutre. On a teste la consommation de nourriture journaliere et l'efficacite de ralimentation des animaux. Au cours de etude, six portees sont nces, avec en moyenne, moins de 4 petits par portee. Les equations logistiques etaient plus proches des donnees de croissance que les equations de Gompertz. Le taux de croissance et la masse corporelle des males etaient plus eleves que ceux des femelles. A Tage de 5 mois les males ont atteint une masse corporelle de 23 % superieure ä celle des femelles. La croissance post-natale des femelles et des males s'est stabilisee ä 300 et 370 jours respectivement et l'efficacite de leur alimentation (augmentation de poids/consommation) a diminue, prouvant ainsi qu'il n'est pas rentable de les vendre apres cet age. Les deux regimes experimentaux n Ont pas affecte leur croissance post-natale.Au cours des deux series de tests alimentaires les animaux äges de 247-289 et de 419-454 jours ont choisi differemment les constituants alimentaires des deux regimes et leur litiere; leur consommation entre les deux regimes n'a pas vraiment change.
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