The results of a comprehensive assessment of the runes and morphological studies of the skin and wool coat of a new breed of Russian meat merino in comparison with domestic breeds Manych merino and Stavropol breed have been presented in the article. The detailed characteristics and description of the main properties of the coat and histological studies of the skin have been given. The results of the research have shown that stud rams and ewes of Russian meat merino breed have had an advantage over the domestic Manych merino and Stavropol sheep breeds in terms of wool clip and yield of pure wool, respectively, by 48,8; 79,4 and 3,6; 16,0 %, and 62,3–68,1 %. The fiber fineness on the body side of rams and ewes of Russian meat merino breed was in the range of 20,5 and 19,1 microns (70 q), while in rams and ewes of Manych merino and Stavropol breed these fluctuations were 20,7–21,8 microns (64 q). It should be noted that according to the 100-point scale of the comprehensive assessment of the rune all animals of Russian meat merino breed groups were rated “excellent” (more than 95 points). The study of the commercial properties of Russian meat merino sheepskins has shown the superiority in weight of paired sheepskins and their area over rams and ewes of Manych merino, respectively, by 24,3; 38,1 and 1,8; 5,8 %. Over the animals of Stavropol breed the superiority was 8,3; 9,8 and 3,8; 5,4 %. In terms of the thickness of the leather fabric, unprocessed sheepskins of Russian meat merino breed exceeded the indicators of rams and ewes of Manych merino by 26,7 and 19,3 %, and rams and ewes of Stavropol breed by 8,6 and 12,1 %, respectively. The ratio of the pilar layer of the skin to the reticular layer in Russian meat merino breed was less by 0,8-0,11 and 0,13-0,32 units, which indicates the superior strength of the skin tissue. The ratio of secondary hair follicles to primary ones is the most objective indicator of wool productivity. So, in animals of Russian meat merino breed this ratio is higher than in the Manych merino and Stavropol breed by 1,0 or 9,3 % and 1,2 or 11,3 % in rams, and 0,9 or 10,1 % and 1,7 or 20,9 % in ewes, respectively.