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OBJECTIVE. The aim of this research was to improve results of gloss total resections of glial tumors of the brain. MATERIAL AND METHODS. Fluorescence-guided resection was performed in 31 patients with glial tumors of different degree of malignancy. «Photoditazin» was applied during operation. The authors assessed the efficacy, sensitivity and specificity of the method and degree of radical nature of resection in relation to surgery of gliomas. RESULTS. Sensitivity of the method numbered 68,3 % and specificity was 60,1 % in cases of gliomas of grade I-II. It was 85,4 % and 76,2 %, respectively in cases of gliomas of grade III-IV. The degree of achievement of gloss total resection (GTR) was 79,3 % (gliomas of grade III-IV) and 95,6 % (gliomas of grade III-IV). CONCLUSIONS. Intraoperative fluorescent diagnostics using «Photoditazin» was highly effective, sensitive and very specific method in surgery of glial tumors of different degree of malignancy. The method allowed doctors to develop the radical nature of surgery in cases of glial tumors removal.

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The prevalence of asthma and allergic airway diseases has increased since the 1960s. The use of dishwasher and household detergents showed a similar trend, leading us to hypothesize that increased exposure to detergents might contribute to development of allergic diseases. The goal of this project was to test this hypothesis by using in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS: We exposed normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells that overexpress the IL-33 gene to sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) as a model for detergent. Various pharmacologic agents were used to dissect the mechanisms for IL-33 release. SDBS was also administered intranasally (i.n.) to na€ ıve BALB/c mice. RESULTS: Exposure to SDBS induced IL-33 release from NHBE cells. The dose-response curve was bell-shaped, and the maximum effect was observed at a 3-fold lower concentration (i.e. 50 mg/ml) than the critical micelle concentration for SDBS. At this concentration, more than 90% of NHBE cells were alive, released ATP extracellularly and showed increase in intracellular calcium concentration. IL-33 release was abolished by treating the cells with purinergic receptor antagonists or oxygen radical scavengers or by chelating extracellular calcium. Moreover, the levels of type 2 cytokines in lung homogenates were increased in mice exposed to SDBS in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure of airway epithelial cells to a low concentration of detergents induces active release of IL-33 likely through the pathway(s) involved in cellular stress responses. Detergents may dysregulate the homeostasis of epithelium and promote development of type 2 immune responses to environmental allergens.