Neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of gallbladder (GB) is very rare, accounting for 0.5% of all neuroendocrine malignancies and 2% of all GB cancers. It is very difficult to differentiate between carcinoma GB and NET GB. Here, we present a case of NET GB diagnosed in a 40-year-old female. The clinical features were nonspecific and the diagnosis was confirmed only on histopathological examination. The management of carcinoma GB and NET GB is discussed in detail.

Clear cell carcinoma of ovary (CCCO) is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian tumors that is associated with poorer prognosis due to relative chemoresistance and higher chances of recurrence. Metastasis to the breast is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of ovarian cancer with metastasis to bilateral breasts. A 46-year-old female presented with pain abdomen and mild distension. Examination revealed pelvic mass and bilateral breast lumps. Staging laparotomy and fine-needle aspiration cytology from bilateral breast lumps were done. Histopathology revealed CCCO with metastasis to bilateral breasts. Due to the rarity of CCCO, there are no standard guidelines for management. The patient should be subjected to maximum cytoreduction and chemotherapy. Metastasis to the breast from ovary can occur either due to retrograde lymphatic or hematogenous spread that confers a worse prognosis. Hence, in a patient with breast mass especially with a history of malignancy, breast metastasis should be differentiated from primary breast cancer.

Primary soft-tissue sarcomas of the paratesticular region are uncommon tumors comprising 1% of all adult sarcomas. Paratesticular epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare subtype. Here, we report the case of a 68-years-old male with scrotal swelling who underwent high inguinal exploration and right orchidectomy. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry revealed paratesticular ES. Very few cases of paratesticular ES have been reported so far in the literature. Clinical presentation, investigations, treatment interventions, and prognosis have been discussed. As it can be confused with other benign and malignant conditions, diagnosis is often made on histopathological evaluation.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous sarcoma. Bednar tumor (BT) or pigmented DFSP is a rarely reported variant of it. The only differentiating feature between them is the presence of melanocytes on histopathological examination. We report a case of a 23-year-old female who presented with a recurrent lump in the right thigh that on histopathological evaluation was diagnosed as BT. Less than hundred cases of BT have been recorded to date, with only five cases originating from the thigh. Clinicopathological features of recurrent cases have been compared as local recurrence is less commonly reported.

The purpose of this study is to examine the socio-economic factors responsible for child malnutrition under the age of five in Bihar, a state of India currently the most malnourished and poor in terms of child health outcomes across the country. The analysis is based on nationally representative cross-section data compiled by the International Institute of Population Studies (IIPS), Mumbai, with regard to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), 2015-16. The percentage of stunted, wasted and underweight has been treated as dependent variables, while main explanatory variables of child malnutrition are female education, children's place of residence, wealth index of household, family planning, sex of child, religion and mother's age cohort. In order to examine the association between explanatory variables and malnutrition, multilevel logistic regression models have been applied. Results indicate a high incidence of less stunted, wasted and underweight children in case of an educated mother beyond primary education compare to mothers with no education. Wealth index found to be a very significant indicator in the sense that children from the poorest families endured the burden of undernutrition more than those from the richest families. The modern method of using contraception is also an important indicator which influences the rate of underweight in children. These results suggest that improving maternal education, economic status and contraceptive use can have a positive effect on child nutritional status and mortality.