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SUMMARYConformal mapping techniques are used to obtain an exact solution for seepage flow below a hydraulic structure founded on permeable soil of infinite depth for a flat floor with an inclined cut-off at the downstream end. Results are presented for different values of b/s and 8. The exit gradient decreases considerably along a distance beyond the floor end with an increase in cut-off inclination. The maximum exit gradient decreases for B = 10,20 and 30 and starts increasing for B = 45 ' . The uplift pressure decreases as 8 increases. It is concluded that using an inclined cut-off increases the factor of safety in design against uplift and piping.

This study aims to develop a model for forecasting water demand for 2021–2030 to examine water availability for municipality uses in the Al-Balqa governorate of Jordan. The method was developed using a time series analysis of historical data from 1990–2010, which comprised yearly and monthly water consumption and socioeconomic factors, including population, income, and climate factors, such as average precipitation and temperatures. The analysis of historical data was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The study found that the increase in population, reaching 740,790 inhabitants in 2030, the high level of social life, and the fluctuation of temperature and precipitation exceed the significant water demand, increasing to 69.88 million cubic meters in 2030 from 52.95 in 2020. The time series analysis employed historical data for 2011–2020 indicating monthly municipal water use to measure the model’s validity. The results confirm the model’s ability to forecast water demand. The study recommends intensifying managerial practices to avoid such difficulties that face the water sector to achieve water security at the country’s level.