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Lygeum spartum L. represent a natural barrier in the Algerian high plateaus against the advances of sand and turning into a desert. This species has two levels of ploïdy (diploïd cytotype 2n = 16 and polyploidy cytotype 2n = 40). Protein profile of several populations of this species have inter and intra specific variability. The polymorphic bands observed in the intermediate and slow zone have a molecular weight (MW) of 25.6, 30.1, 31.2, 37.3, 40.4, 69.3 and 82.7 kDa. This polymorphism exists not only between the polyploids samples (well 1 to 7) and diploids (well 8 and 9), but also inside the polyploids populations. These results showed that modifications of the electrophoretic profile of Lygeum spartum were concomitant with climatic and geographical external factors.

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