The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of iron deficiency on intelligence of 11-17 years students. This study conducted on the 540 students (11-17 years) that educated at guidance and high school of Boroujerd city. Laboratory investigations were included serum iron, TIBC (total iron binding capacity) and ferretin. Riven matrix was used in order to determine intelligence quotient. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13 and chi2 and t-tests. Results showed that 78 (14.4%) students had iron deficiency and 14 (25.9%) had iron deficiency anemia. There was no significant difference between different sexes for iron deficiency distribution (p > 0.05), while iron deficiency anemia was significantly higher in girls as compared with boys (p > 0.05). Mean quotient was 115 +/- 12.1 in iron deficiency students, while it was 113.7 +/- 13.9 in patients without iron deficiency. There was also no significant difference between normal and iron deficient students for intelligence quotient (p > 0.05).

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Postmodernism and Post Postmodernism have dominated culture and literature since the late-20th-century and in basic features, they contradict each other. In Postmodernism, or the period known as the late capitalism by Fredric Jameson, some sort of fragmentation rather than totality is intended to control again the life of the people through the same media in a process known as consumerism; However, in Post Postmodernism, a new sort of humanism seems to be emerging by David Foster Wallace who shows not only the pain but also the cure. In fact, the subjectivity of man is given a niche, and also he is given a voice to express his thought, like the opportunity he has gained in the social networks like Facebook and Telegram, having made it paradoxically possible for him to have a sort of sharing among the fragmented individuals. In fact, every fragmented man can be an active agent, communicator, and finally a producer to bring meaning and discipline back to the life rather than a sole passive watcher, reader, and one way communicator controlled by the system as presented in the modern and postmodern works. Focusing on David Foster Wallace’s (1962-2008) novels—Infinite Jest (1996) and The Pale King  (2011), the aim of this article is to study these three novels through the critical gates of the philosopher, Fredric Jameson to open up the concepts of Post Postmodernism.

Abstract:During history, one of the most influenced realms is the world of literature. That is to say, each literary work has been under the influence of the period in which it has been written. Therefore, all the dominant features in each era play very significant roles in shaping literary works created in that particular age. Besides, the notion of identity is a very crucial factor in each literary work in all eras and all authors creating works pay much of their attentions to the identity of the characters which can be the representation of man's dominant identity in that specific period. Based on such an important factor, the aim of this article is to investigate the notion of man and his identity inDavid Foster Wallace