No abstract

Trastuzumab as a first HER2-targeted therapy for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer patients was introduced in 1998. Although trastuzumab has opened a new avenue to treat patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and other types of cancer, some patients are not responsive or become resistant to this treatment. So far, several mechanisms have been suggested for the mode of action of trastuzumab; however, the findings regarding these mechanisms are controversial. In this review, we aimed to provide a detailed insight into the various mechanisms of action of trastuzumab.

No abstract

Various forms of TiO nanoparticles reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Some forms of TiO nanoparticles such as brookite BSA also inhibited cell invasion. PEG-amorph TiO nanoparticles increased cell invasion. These differences seem to be due to the effects of different configurations of TiO nanoparticles. TiO may provide a new strategy for cancer treatment and more studies are needed.