Literature reviews of all references concerning the parasitic fauna of fishes in fish farms of Babylon province, middle of Iraq, showed that a total of 92 valid parasite species are so far known from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) as well as from three freshwater fish species (Carassius auratus, Liza abu, and Heteropneustes fossilis) which were found in some fish farms of the same province. The parasitic fauna included one mastigophoran, three apicomplexans, 13 ciliophorans, five myxozoans, five trematodes, 45 monogeneans, five cestodes, three nematodes, two acanthocephalans, nine arthropods, and one mollusc. The common carp was found to harbour 81 species of parasites, the grass carp 30 species, the silver carp 28 species, L. abu 13 species, C. auratus one species, and H. fossilis one species. A host-parasite list for each fish species was also provided.

The literature reviews  of  all  reports  of  parasites  fauna cats  Felis  catus  in  Iraq species of including 15 protozoa (Babesia spp., Crptosporidium spp., C. muris, C.  parvum, Cytauxzoon felis, Eimeria cati, Entamoeba spp., Giardia sp., Giardia spp., Isospora ssp., I. felis., I. rivolta,  Leishmania tropica and Toxoplasma gondii), five trematoda  (Heterophyes  aequalis,    H.  heterophyes, Opisthorchis  felineus, O. tenuicollis  and  Paragonimus  killicotti),  17  cestoda (Diphyllobothrium  sp.,  D. latum,  Diplopylidium acanthotetra, D. nolleri,  Dipylidium spp., D. caninum, D. sexcoronatum,  Hydatigera taeniaeformis, Joyeuxiella echinorhyncoides, J. pasqualei,    Mesocestoides  variabilis,  Spirometra  sp.,  S. erinaceieuropaei, S. mansonoides, Taenia  sp.,  Taenia  spp. and T.  taeniaeformis), 18 nematoda)  Aelurostrongylus  abstrusus,   Ancylostoma  spp., A. paraduodenale, A. tubaeforme,  Capillaria spp.,  C. arophilia, C. felis, Dioctophyma renale, Dirofilaria immitis,  Ganathostoma  sp.,  Ollulanus  tricuspis,    Physaloptera  praeputiale,  Pterygodermatites cahirensis, Rictularia cahirensis, Strongyloides spp.,  Toxascaris  leonine,  Toxocara  sp.  and  T. cati) and  seven  arthropoda (Ctenocephalides  felis, Felicola subrostratus, Ixodes  spp.,  Otodectes  cynotis, Rhipicephalus  sp.,  R. sanguineus and R. turanicus).

The present study included test the effectiveness of Turbinoid and Alkaloid compounds extracts from pure leaves of Devil's Claw Ibicella lutea on life performance of false armyworm insect Lucania loreyi, the Turbinoid compounds extract had a clear effect on the various insect lifestyle, the percentage of eggs destruction in the Turbinoid and Alkaloid compounds extract at a concentration of 2.0 mg/ ml reached  (50.0 and 46.7%), respectively, compared with the control treatment that reach (0.0%), The percentage of the destruction of first and sixth larval instar was (90.3 and 73.3%) when transacted with Turbinoid compounds extract respectively at the concentration of 2.0 mg/ ml, while the percentage of destruction of first and sixth larval instar that transacted with Alkaloid compounds extract was reach (90 and 56.7 %) respectively at the concentration of  2.0 mg/ ml, the highest percentage for pupa destruction was reached about 80% when transacted with Turbinoid compounds extract at concentration of 2.0 mg/ ml compared with Alkaloid compounds extract which reached 43.3% at concentration of  2.0 mg/ ml, and the percentage of adult destruction reached 63.3% when transacted with Turbinoid compounds extract at a concentration of  2.0 mg/ ml and reached 40.0% with alkaloid extract, The accumulative percentage of immature phases destruction, when transacted with Turbinoid and Alkaloid compounds, extract reached about (100 and 83.3%), respectively, at a concentration of 2.0 mg/ ml.