No abstract

This study uses the production function approach to assess and compare resistance of millet, Sorghum and Maize facing climate variability in Sikasso and Ségou regions. A robust estimation of the multiple regression models with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was used. Overall, the results show that: one of the major causes of the fluctuations of the chosen cereals' production is climate variability; cereals have different resistance level facing climate variability across regions; finally cereals are more related to climate in Sikasso region than Ségou region. At the sight of these results, setting up following policies was recommended: promotion of production system based on new agricultural practices to increase productivities in different areas and policies which promote ideal cultures for each region's agricultural development (regional specialization).

The objective of this study is to identify the determinants of households’ food insecurity in rural areas in Mali, ranked among the most exposed to this phenomenon. The study used data from the national food security and nutritional survey in March 2016. The estimation of the econometric logit model by the maximum likelihood method revealed that regional location, age of household head, household size, level of education of the household head, welfare index and incomes’ diversification sources are the main determinants of households’ food insecurity in a rural area in Mali. The analysis shows that age of household head, size of household and practical of recession cropping affect positively food insecurity while the educational level of household head, welfare index and incomes ’diversification sources affect negatively food insecurity. These determinants are pillars on which policy maker might rely to reduce food insecurity. Therefore, it is desirable for government to orientate more the food insecurity fight programs towards the most affected regions, to prioritize households head with advanced age and those whose size is high, and promote recession cropping during the food insecurity fight plan, improve household education level, promote the household’s welfare and sensitize the households to diversify the sources of their income.

L’assurance indicielle, considérée dès son introduction dans les pays en développement comme un puissant outil de stabilisation des revenus des paysans et de réduction de la pauvreté, a très vite désenchanté ses promoteurs. L’évolution de la demande de cette assurance est particulièrement décevante dans la majeure partie des pays qui l’ont expérimenté. Au Burkina Faso, on constate une forte baisse des adhésions et partant des superficies et des sommes assurées. La principale raison évoquée par les producteurs est l’absence d’indemnisations ou le très faible niveau d’indemnisation en cas de perte de production (risque de base). La présente étude propose l’utilisation des techniques de classification floue qui autorise l’appartenance partielle à des classes à indemniser pour réduire le risque de base et augmenter l’attractivité de l’assurance indicielle au sein des producteurs de coton au Burkina Faso. Nous avons montré que l’application de la technique de classification floue augmente significativement la probabilité d’être indemnisé (de plus de trois fois par rapport à son niveau actuel) mais aussi la prime de l’assurance. Toutefois selon Elabed et Carter (2014a), les producteurs seraient prêts à payer des sommes substantielles pour atténuer ou éliminer totalement le risque de base.