Summary Mathematical model parameter estimation of solar photovoltaic (PV) cell, module and array represent a prodigious challenge in recent researches, where analytical, metaheuristic and hybrid techniques play a vital role for parameter extraction by using manufacturer's datasheet and experimental data, although the precise and highly reliable solution identification is still a complex problem to be solved. In this paper, a new Emperor Penguin Optimisation‐ (EPO) based parameter estimation approach for a single‐diode Rp solar PV model is presented that is cohesively analysed under different sets of temperature and irradiance (G). Validation of the proposed technique is perceived on the analysis of performance characteristics, that is, current‐voltage (I‐V) and power‐voltage (P‐V) of KC200GT, PWP201, and STP6 120‐36 PV modules under various simulation conditions. Moreover, estimated results are compared with the experimental data and several established estimation techniques in the literature for validation and demonstrate the proposed technique with highly precise outcomes having reduced computational cost for the PV model parameter extraction problem.

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