DVERSE DRUG EVENTS (ADES) are estimated to injure or kill more than 770 000 people in hospitals annually. 1 Prescribing errors are the most frequent source. 2-5 Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) systems are widely viewed as crucial for reducing prescribing errors 2,3,6-17 and saving hundreds of billions in annual costs. 18,19 Computerized physician order entry system advocates include researchers, clinicians, hospital administrators, pharmacists, business councils, the Institute of Medicine, state legislatures, health care agencies, and the lay public. 2,3,6-10,12,14-17,20-22 These systems are expected to become more prevalent in response to resident working-hour limitations and related care discontinuities 23 and will supposedly offset causes (eg, job dissatisfaction) and effects (eg, ADEs) of nursing shortages. 24,25 Such a system is increasingly recommended for outpatient practices (BOX). Adoption of CPOE perhaps gathered such strong support because its promise is so great, effects of medica-See also pp 1223 and 1261.
Interventions targeting problem-solving and communication skills may ease the burdens related to patient care and role changes associated with care while improving caregiver's overall QoL. Further research is needed to establish efficacy of interventions across all stages of the 2cancer caregiving experience, especially focusing on issues of caregiver retention, caregiver relationships to the cancer patient, and individual differences in caregiver experiences with different types of cancer.
These diagnostic criteria significantly advance the field because they represent the consensus of an international multispecialty expert panel, include critical values, provide guidance regarding the relative importance of individual elements, and are less influenced by particular theoretical biases than most previously published criteria. They require validation before being applied in clinical settings.
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